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There was a fight over the "Bill of Rights" between the Federalists, who wanted a stronger central government and the Anti-Federalists, who were predominately pro-states rights. The Federalists camp included President George Washington, John Adams, and James Madison (although his district was mainly anti-federalists). The states rights group included Thomas Jefferson, Patrick Henry, and George Mason. The states rights camp wanted a bill of rights in writing while Federalists like Alexander Hamilton felt it wasn't needed. The states rights group did want a central government since the failure of the "Articles of Confederation" but a government that would not interfere with the rights they fought for in the Revolutionary War (such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion). They will not sign the new constitution until these rights were spelled out. James Madison became the chief architect of the document. Prior to the constitutional convention, each state already had a bill of rights. Madison used as a guide the Virginia constitution as did Thomas Jefferson did when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. The Virginia constitution was written by George Mason in 1776. In 1789, Madison laid out 20 amendments which 10 were accepted to be called the "Bill of Rights."

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