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Almost all European languages belong to the Indo-European language family. This includes the Romance, Germanic, Slavic, and Celtic branches, among others.

The second most prominent is the Uralic/Finno-Ugric family, which includes Finnish, Hungarian and Estonian as national languages as well as the Saami languages, Karelian, and many languages of Russia.

The Basque language is a linguistic isolate, meaning that it does not appear to belong to any family. Maltese is an example of a European language of Semitic origin.

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