Why is it that only one child of Lakan Dula used the Dula surname of his dad?

Is there a probability that the Macapagal family are not descendants of Lakan Dula of Tondo but of Mr Banao Lacandola of Lubao?

A study on the current Wikipedia article entitled Lakandula written by a paid writer of the Macapagal Family reveals the following: 1. That Lakan Dula of Tondo is different from Mr. Carlos Lacandola. Pre-hispanic Filipinos has no surname, it is just title and the name. Ex. Lakan Timamanukum, Lakan Dula, Batang Dula. Lakan means paramount ruler, Batang means younger Dula, or prince Dula. Mr. Banao Lakandula is a latter person as shown by the fact that he is already influenced by the Spaniards "first name - surname system". So, he is different from Lakan Dula of Tondo. 2. If Lakan Dula of Tondo was baptized as Mr. Banao Lakandula, he will never be baptized again as Mr. Carlos Lacandola. Two baptisms on one person are not allowed in the Catholic Church. 3. There is no baptismal certificate on church records that showed Lakan Dula of Tondo being baptized as Mr. Banao Lakandula and later Mr. Carlos Lacandola. Maybe the reasons why the National Museum has no artifact of Lakan Dula's birth certificate is that he was only baptized in a ceremony but retained his name. Or maybe, he was baptized by giving him a first name and retaining Dula as his surname, and the birth certificate under a Dula surname was not recognized by our historians. They never thought that the birth certificate of a guy with a Dula surname is actually that of Lakan Dula. They did not realized that birth certificates do not show titles of the person being baptized. Besides, it will be for the interest of the Spanish government and the Church at that time to erased the title Lakan in Lakan Dula's new Christian name to slowly eradicate the Filipino native aristocracy. 4. One proof that Lakan Dula did not changed his name to Mr. Banao Lakandula and later to Mr. Carlos Lacandola was that his children and grand children did not carry the supposed surname Lacandola. The surnames of the children of Lakan Dula are Batang Dula, Magat Salamat, Dionisio Capulong, Felipe Salonga, Martin Lakandula and Maria Poloin 5. Since no child of Lakan Dula of Tondo carried the surname of Lacandola, then, the surname Lacandola is not a descendant of Lakan Dula of Tondo but a descendant of Mr. Carlos Lacandola of Lubao. And since the claim of Macapagal of their decendancy to Lakan Dula of Tondo is anchored on the surname Lacandola, therefore, the Macapagal are not descendants of Lakan Dula of Tondo but of Mr. Carlos Lacandola of Lubao, the traitor who sided with the Spaniards against the native patriots. 6. One probable proof of their Lakan Dula lineage is that one grandchild of Lakan Dula of Tondo married a guy with a surname Lacandola, a common surname among Filipinos, but the Wikipedia article of the Macapagal entitled Lakandula is not saying so. 7. Another probable proof also is that one granddaughter of Lakan Dula was named Dola Goiti Dula and was hidden in San Luis Pampanga by giving her a big farm now known as Candola, or owned by Dola. And that granddaughter changed the surname of her family to Lacandola to hide them from Spanish prosecution. But, the Macapagal has not identified a relative from Candola, San Luis, Pampanga with a surname Lacandola. Their Wikipedia article entitled Lakandula is not showing it. 8. The desire of the Macapagal Family to change the name of Lakan Dula of Tondo from where the Lakan Dula High School was named, to Lakandula or Lacandola in some official documents, awards (e.r. Order of Lakandula) and in Wikipedia is their desperate desire to link with their surname Lacandola to Lakan Dula, forgetting that to prove their descendancy to Lakan Dula, a closely similar name is immaterial, they must link their bloodline with one of the children of Lakan Dula, or grandchildren, which their own Lakandula article in the Wikipedia did not show. 9. Now, given that their Lacandola gambit to connect with Lakan Dula is a failure, watch out, they might eventually connect with one of the Lakan Dula children or grandchildren, or might even invent a Lakan Dula child with a surname Lacandola, but, what will they do with the much publicized Lacandola Tall Tales that made them traitors siding with the Spaniards, against native Filipino patriots? Will they just say, ok, misdeal?

What is basis of President Arroyo's Claim that she is a descendant of Lakan Dula?

According to JJ Macam of the Gatbunton Clan, the first attempt of the Macapagals to link with Lakan Bunao Dula, the last king of the Kingdom of Tondo, is through the Gatbunton lineage. The Gatbunton Clan is the first clan in the Philippine history that have shown direct connection with Lakan Dula. But after ascertaining that the Gatbuntun was just logistic officer of the Kingdom of Tondon and probaly has no blood lineage with the King of Tondo, the Macapagals distanced from them to the point of deleting the Wikipedia article on Gatbunton. Their was an attempt to link with one of the children of Lakan Dula, Martin Lakan Dula but the plan fizzled out after finding that Martin never had children because he became a priest. There is another attempt to link with one of the sons of Lakan Dula by the name of Dionisio Capulong who is rumored to be Batang Dula that hid in another name. The only problem is that descendants of Dionisio Capulong are denouncing the Macapagal as traitors and are not related to them. One of their other claims is that one of the granddaughter of Lakan Bunao Dula is Dola Goiti Dula. She was hidden in nearby San Luis, Pampanga during the the intense prosecution of the native aristocracy by the Spaniards who are claiming that Lakan Dula is siding with the British Empire because of Ysmeria Doylly, Lakan Dula's mother is a British. The fertile plantation where Dola was hidden is now known by the natives as Kandola in San Luis, Pampanga. Kan is an ancient word which means "owned". Dola was eventually married to a Spanish Guardia Civil surnamed Reyes but she decided to use the surname Lacandola for their children in order not to distance from the Lakan Dula heritage. The children of Dola Reyes, are therefore carrying the surname Lacandola and one of them was married to a Macapagal. In an interview with a descendant of Lakan Dula by GMA 7 in their episode of the Kingdom of Tondo, the Lakan Dula descendant was asked how do you determine the other descendants? His answer is through "lukso ng dugo", meaning, the feeling of being close or being at home with somebody, especially, those Filipinos with native surnames or are listed in the Lakan Dula history of descendants, is an indication that that somebody could be a fellow descendant. When that descendant was asked by GMA 7 if there is a "lukso ng dugo" with President Gloria Arroyo, he said there is. The link of the Macapagals to Lakan Dula could indeed be a subject of historical research, but if Lakan Dula descendants were to be asked, there is a feeling of kinship with the Macapagals. There only problem is they are unable to explain from which children of Lakan Dula they descended from.

Why is the Lineage of the First Born Sons important to the Lakan Dula descendants?

Perhaps only the descendants can answer this question.

What is the English of lakan dula?

According to the most comprehensive website ever about Lakan Dula, theLakan Dula: His True Story, (https://sites.google.com/site/truelakandula/jewish-1), Lakan is a pre-hispanic title of the king of Tondo, which is translated as the paramount ruler, or among all the rulers, he is the leader.Dula on the other hand is the name of the leader. In the pre - hispanic times, people has only one name which is his first name and surname at the same time. This is the reason why Lakan Dula of Tondo can never be Banao Lacandola of Lubao, Pampanga. Firstly, the latter has first name and surname which means that it is a person that was born long after the Spaniards ruled the country as seen by the fact that it is adopting a Spanish naming system.Dula has an English origin.Lakan Dula was born on December 16, 1503 A.D and died on March 21, 1589 A.D. He was the last King of Manila before the kingdom was totally subjugated by the Spaniards and his descendants were forced to do self exile to escape the bloody Hispanic persecution by settling in far flung areas within the sea and river routes. It was in Lakan Dula's era when Britain and Spain are rivals for world power. Britain's way is to gain the trust of native royalties all over the world by diplomacy or intermarriages and then group these royalties into federation under its leadership. Spain's way is through conquest and subjugation. Lakan Dula's tall and fair appearance came from his great grand father,Robert d'Ouilli ,who has British blood, a Lord of Manor from Oxfordshire who has a blood relation with the French Royal family where Henry Doylly, Lord Constable, circa 1190, with a bloodline of the French Monarchy, in the Norman civil war descended. The birth of Lakan Dula is the early attempt of the British crown to gain the trust of the native Manila aristocracy. It is one of the ways to slowly defeat Spain as the world power of that time. The surname Dula/Dulay therefore came from the British Aristocracy that somehow add color to the pre Hispanic Kingdom of Manila.

What are the marriage traditions of the descendants of Lakan Dula?

The Kingdom of Lakan Dula was flourishing before the Spaniards came. It is based in what is now known as Intramuros in Manila. Lakan, according to respected Filipino historians, is a title of nobility during the pre- hispanic era which means "paramount ruler" and Dula is the name of the paramount ruler of the kingdom. The kingdom has some marriages practices that seem to be revolving around the concept of mixed marriages."In mixed marriages, one free and one slave, the children's class matched the parent's class. If there was only one child, the child would be the class of the father. If two children are born, the first matches the father and the second is like the mother. If three children, the third child is half free and half slave."What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaEven subsequent literatures, the concept of mixed marriages seem to be the prevailing in the Kingdom of Lakan Dula. This was even captured in the legend of Mt. Makiling: "As time passed, the love affair between Gat Dula and Maria came to be known to Gat Panahon, Maria's father. Gat Panahon was angry. Even Dayang Makiling, Maria's mother, was distressed that her only daughter was in love with a mortal. Maria was then forbidden to go down to the earth. Her parents even took away from Maria the power of enchantment which enabled a deity to look and act like an ordinary mortal. But even though Maria and Gat Dula could no longer meet physically, their love endured. Maria continued to watch over Gat Dula. During a battle with the army of Lakan Bunto, the ruler of a neighboring kingdom who invaded the kingdom of Bay, Gat Dula did not suffer a single wound due to the support of Maria's enchantment. Unfortunately, Gat Dula's inability to see Maria caused him to fall ill and die. Maria asked the gods to give her the soul of Gat Dula and her request was granted."What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaWhen the Spaniards came, they basically initiated two strategies to downplay the native aristocracy: by marginalizing them which led Lakan Dula descendants to go to far flung places in the archipelago under assumed names; and secondly, by inter marrying the remaining native nobilities of Intramuros with Spanish ladies and men. This strategy was documented in several literatures such as a "play which tells a little of the early history of the Philippines during the 16th century when the Spaniards were slowly gaining ground on Philippine land in the European race for colonies. The history was retold in the backdrop of a love story (part true/part myth) between the daughter of the Filipino revolutionary hero Lakan Dula, and Captain Juan de Salcedo, grandson of the Governor-general of Manila, Miguel Lopez de Legazpi." What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaThis strategy of the Spaniards seems to be in line, incidentally, with the pre - hispanic marriage traditions of the descendants of Lakan Dula: racial intermarriages. "Manila, its capital city, was populated by about 300 male adults if we are to include the 200 or more soldiers quartered among the civilians and natives. To this figure should be added the members of the religious community who numbered about 50. The 80-odd civilians were all connected with the colonial government. 50 were married to Spanish women and a few others to natives. There were 15 widows, 8 or 10 girls of marriageable age and some children".What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaThis marriage tradition is valued even by the Filipino nobility that moved out of Intramuros at the height of the Spanish prosecutions. "David Dula y Goiti, a grandson of Lakan Dula with a Spanish mother escaped the persecution of the descendants of Lakan Dula by settling in Isla de Batag, Northern Samar and settled in the placed now called Candawid (Kan David).What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaThis tradition even went into the life of ordinary citizens of Manila. "Tagalog ang tawag ng mga tao sa sarili, at kahawig sila ng mga Malay sa kilos at anyo, kahit kaiba ang wika, na kasing-tamis din nila sa pananalita. Nag-iba lamang sila sa mga natutunang gawi; sa Manila, malaganap ang ugnayan ng mga tao at mga Intsik kaya naging mestizo na sila."What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaThis racial inter marriages tradition being practice by the descendants of Lakan Dula, especially those who have clear lineage to the pre Hispanic King, and are conscious of their tribal history, are still alive even these days. The 5th generation hereditary leader of the Dulay Clan of Marikina Valley, for instance, is married to a Chinese mestiza. Even President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo herself is married to a member of a Spanish speaking Tuason family. Former Northern Samar Governor Maddeiline Mendoza Ong, a direct descendant of Petre Dulay of Candawid, Isla de Batag who herself is Spanish mestiza looking, is married to former Mayor Hector Ong, from a Chinese family that includes Congressman Emil Ong. This ancient tribal marriage tradition of the descendants of Lakan Dula, which is still being practice today, partly explains why the descendants of today are Chinese or Spanish mestizo looking and are very far from the appearance of the traditional Filipino natives. But make no mistake about them; they are as nationalistic as anyone could be despite of their foreign looks, that is why a lot of them are into public service.What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_Dulahttp://mkleskas.13.forumer.com/a/Philippine-history-from-the-fma-warriors-perspective_post11-45.HTMLWhat_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_Dulahttp://members.tripod.com/magicrealms/folklore/maria.HTMLWhat_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_DulaWhat_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_Dulahttp://ca.supremecourt.gov.pH/index.php?action=mnuactual_contents&ap=j40100What_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_Dulahttp://yawiki.org/proc/Rajah_LakandulaWhat_are_the_marriage_traditions_of_the_descendants_of_Lakan_Dulahttp://members.AOL.com/ernestojlaput/main.htm

Is Tariq Soliman the same as Rajah Soliman?

The Macapagal family is one of the descendants of Lakan Bunao Dula, the Patriarch of the House of Dula and the last King of Tondo. Their official family historian has this in their history: Macapagal (rare variant: Makapagal) is a Filipino surname derived from the Kapampangan language. The family claims noble descent from Dola de Goiti Dula, a legitimate grandchild of Lakan Dula, the last "王" or King of Tondo "東都" (Dongdu). It is the only known branch of the Seludong's royal family to have survived the Majapahit Empire's invasion, the Sultanate of Brunei's pogrom against native royals, Chinese warlord Limahong's massacres, and the fallout from the Tondo Conspiracy. The family survived due to Martin de Goiti's giving of his Mestiza (Half Aztec and Half-Spanish) daughter in marriage to Batang Dula, the eldest son of Lakan Bunao Dula of the Lakanate of Tondo. As time went on, they incorporated the descendants from the two other royal houses: the house of Rajah Matanda (ऋअज ंअतन्द) and the house of Tariq Suleiman (سليمان).The family then migrated to Pampanga and Northern Samar after the Spanish assumed control of Manila.The following are people possessing the Macapagal surname:Don Juan Macapagal (d. 1683), former prince of Tondo and first documented bearer of the surname. Great-grandson of Lakandula Lazaro Macapagal (c. 1860s), officer of the revolutionary army during the Philippine Revolution. Commanding officer ordered to execute Andrés Bonifacio Diosdado Macapagal (1910-1997), former 9th President of the Philippines and 5th Vice President of the Philippines Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (born 1947), daughter of Diosdado Macapagal; former Speaker of the House of Representatives of the Philippines, 14th President of the Philippines and 10th Vice President of the Philippines Mikey Macapagal Arroyo (born 1969), son of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo; served as representative and vice governor of Pampanga Diosdado Macapagal Arroyo (born 1974), son of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo; served as representative of Camarines Sur Maan Macapagal, television news reporter. Based on this article, they seem to believe that Rajah Soliman and Tariq Soliman are one and the same because Lakan Dula, Rajah Matanda and Rajah Soliman are brothers but in the official family history of the Macapagal, they have written Lakan Dula, Rajah Matanda and Tariq Soliman , instead of Rajah Soliman...as if Tariq Soliman and Rajah Soliman are the same and interchangeable. The implication of this is that the Soliman is not a Muslim but a kapampangan, according to the Macapagal family.

Where did Lakandula revolt happen?

In Tondo, year 1574, the Lakan dula - led revolt happened. But that is just the tip of the ice berg, because history is crediting Lakan Dula for his foresight in preparing the homeland for a long protracted battle against Spain. Lakan Dula was born on December 16, 1503 A.D and died on March 21, 1589 A.D. He was the last King of Manila before the kingdom was totally subjugated by the Spaniards and his descendants were forced to do self exile to escape the bloody hispanic persecution by settling in far flung areas within the sea and river routes. It was in Lakan Dula's era when Britain and Spain are rivals for world power. Britain's way is to gain the trust of native royalties all over the world by diplomacy or intermarriages and then group these royalties into federation under its leadership. Spain's way is through conquest and subjugation. Lakan Dula's tall and fair appearance came from his great grand father, who has British blood, a Lord of Manor from Oxfordshire. The birth of Lakan Dula is the early attempt of the British crown to gain the trust of the native Manila aristocracy. It is one of the ways to slowly defeat Spain as the world power of that time. The surname Dula/Dulay therefore came from the British Aristocracy that somehow add color to the pre - hispanic Kingdom of Manila. The Dulay surname is generally thought to derive from a place name, perhaps Pont Doylly, or Duilly in Normandy. Spelling variations of this family name include: Doyley, D'Oyley, Doyle, D'Oyle, Doylee, Doley, Duley, Duly, Duely, Dueley, Ollie, Oyler, Oylie, D'Oyly, Olley, Oulley, Oullie, Ollie, Owley, Oyly, Oilli, Oiley, L'Oyle and many more. First found in Oxfordshire where they held a family seat as Lords of the Manor. After the Battle of Hastings in 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, having prevailed over King Harold, granted most of Britain to his many victorious Barons. It was not uncommon to find a Baron, or a Bishop, with 60 or more Lordships scattered throughout the country. These he gave to his sons, nephews and other junior lines of his family and they became known as under-tenants. They adopted the Norman system of surnames which identified the under-tenant with his holdings so as to distinguish him from the senior stem of the family. After many rebellious wars between his Barons, Duke William, commissioned a census of all England to determine in 1086, settling once and for all, who held which land. He called the census the Domesday Book, indicating that those holders registered would hold the land until the end of time. Hence, conjecturally, the surname is descended from the tenant of the lands of Eynsham held by Columban, a Norman noble as under tenant of the Bishop of Lincoln who was recorded in the Domesday Book census of 1086. His overlord was Robert d'Ouilli. Lakan Dula decided to send his three grand children: David, Dola and Daba to far away lands within the the river and sea routes and provide them with armed followers and household to till the big tract of land. David was given a coconut plantation in Candawid, Isla de Batag , Laoang Islands, Northern Samar. Daba was given a big tract of land in Candaba, Pampanga. Dola was given a big farmland in Candola, San Luis , Pampanga. The world "Kan" means "own" in ancient Tagalog dialect which is similar to the present day Waray dialect , as evidenced by Calatagan jar writings. The strongest and the wealthiest Lakan Dula settlement was in Batag Island , Northern Samar because it is considered the farthest point of defense of the Lakan Dula Kingdom of Manila. The island is the point of entry of the Galleon Trade and other foreign ships going to the port of Manila from the Pacific Ocean. It is also in that area where the Spanish ship repair station was established in Palapag and the Spanish capital of Samar Island in Catubig. Up to now, an old lighthouse guiding the ships from the Pacific Ocean going to the Port of Manila is still standing and functioning at the Isla de Batag, in Laoang Islands, Northern Samar. Most of the relatives of David Dula where able to secure good businesses and gainful employment on these stablishments while secretly planning to overthrow the Spanish government on orders of the Lakan Dula household in Tondo, through David Dula y Goiti of Batag Island in the town of Laoang. In fact, for generations up to now, the Isla de Batag lighthouse is still being run by the members of the Dulay Clan uninterrupted. The Sumoroy Revolt itself is supposed to be the start of a big uprising directed from Tondo, through David Dula y Goiti. The well revolt was however weakened by the deliberate tactical moves of the Spanish authority to transfer the Spanish ship repair facilities in Palapag to Cavite, after sensing that the work force and the sorrounding towns and communities were under the influence of the Lakan Dula household through the duo of Juan Sumuroy, the armed leader and David Dulay, the financier and organization man. Northern Samar is now therefore known in history as where the Sumuroy Rebellion of 1649-1650 led by the Waray hero Juan Ponce Sumuroy and David Dula y Goiti first began. When Sumoroy was executed, one of the trusted co conspirators of Sumuroy and his relative, David Dula y Goiti, sustained the Filipino quest for motherland in a greater vigor. He was however wounded in a battle, was captured and later was executed also in Palapag, Northern Samar by the Spaniards together with his seven key lieutenants. They were accused of masterminding several attacks on Spanish detachments. The place where David came from was named later by the town folks as Candawid (Kan David or owned by David in Waray dialect) in Isla De Batag, Laoang, Northern Samar. Some of David's descendants changed their surnames to Dulay to avoid Spanish prosecutions. Some maintained their surname Dula, which up to these days is the source of minor internal frictions among some descendants of David Dula y Goiti in Laoang, Northern Samar accusing each side as "sigbinan", a native waray folklore which originated in Isla de Batag, which connotes "a family secretly keeping bear-like creatures", which are being fed with all kinds of meat, sometimes, including flesh of dead Spanish Guardia Civil. Several famous Northern Samarenos are tracing their ancestry among the seven co conspirators executed with David Dula y Goiti in Palapag. Northern Samar, which include the great grandfather of Governor Raul Daza. One of the great grandfathers of the Romualdezes of Leyte is also part of the rebel group of Sumoroy and Dulay. The Romualdez will later return in their Manila homeland and won as Mayor of the City of Manila . David Dulay's army was composed of his abled body relatives that came from the household he brought from Tondo. He was originally the financier of the Sumoroy Revolt, due to his wealth and logistical connections from the Lakan Dula coffers in Manila, but he was thrust to the forefront of the armed struggle when his relative, Sumoroy, was executed and nobody can take the leadership position of the revolt except him. Most of the towns where the Batag Island is located are situated along the northern coast facing the San Bernardino Strait. In the late 16th century, the strait was part of the galleon trade route of the Spaniards between Manila and Acapulco. A royal port was established in the cove of Palapag, a town east of the capital, where the trade vessels were repaired by experienced native shipbuilders. In the mid-17th century, many of these Samareños migrated to Cavite after they had been forceably recruited by the Spanish authorities to work at the new shipyard there. The intention is to weaken the armed base of the Sumoroy Revolt by uprooting them to a generally peaceful province Cavite. Many Caviteños may therefore trace their roots to this now sleepy coastal town. But that moved of the Spaniards could be a blunder because the mutiny of the Cavitenos were started through the help of the Lakan Dula descendants who were taken from Palapag Spanish Ship Repair to Cavite. The Palapag Ship Repair was forcibly closed by the Spaniards. The only evidence of its busy maritime past is a tall, lonely stone tower used as a lookout for invading Muslim pirates. The descendants of David Dula y Goiti slowly merged with the community and a lots of them do not even know their ancestry even now. From the historical accounts of the old folks of the clan, notably, the late Candawid Barangay Captain Macario Dulay; David Dulay is a wealthy Tagalog with several wives and children. The children from the first wife carry the surname Dulay to hide them from the Spanish persecutions. The children from the second wife used the surname Dula to reconnect to their Lakan Dula heritage. The children from his other wives used the surnames of their mothers. Some younger children from the first wife settled in Laoang town and made good in arrastre business and another younger brother joined a Spanish shipping crew to Manila and fell in love with a pretty native from Samara, Aringay in the Northern Philippines where they later settled and raise a big family, but their eldest brother remained in Candawid, Isla de Batag, running the coconut plantation with uninterrupted lineage of his first born descendants down to the generation of Petre and Elpidio, until Ceferino who surprisingly decided to go back to their ancestral homeland in Tondo and raised a big family. Later in his life, he uprooted his family in Tondo and together with some relatives, settled in Marikina Valley. They are now known as the Angkan ng Dulay dito sa Lambak ng Marikina. The descendants of Daba and Dola are still being identified. They are found mostly in Pampanga. They are so badly disunited that they are throwing accusations to each side, as traitors or Spanish collaborators. They dont have any identified clan head which makes the situation worst. Understandable, because Daba and Dola are both female, so their descendants must be sporting new surnames now. So, it can be said that the foundation of the uprising in Cavite that culminated in Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo's proclamation of independence in Kawit was hatched in the household of Lakan Dula in Tondo, with the Sumoroy Revolt in the second district of Northern Samar as a major attempt, and onward to the ship ports in Cavite and all the way to the struggle of Aguinaldo. The Tondo (Lakan Dula)- Waray (Sumoroy) - Caviteno (Aguinaldo) triumvirate rebellions contributed a lot in the birth of the Filipino nation. This is the link of Lakan Dula to the birth of the Philippine Republic . From kingdom to republic, Lakan Dula's wisdom and bloodline became the hidden, basic and important fiber in our quest for a homeland.

What is the difference between surname family name and surname at birth earlier family name?

When a child is born, a birth certificate is created for the child. On the birth certificate the child's name must be entered and this is the NAME AT BIRTH or SURNAME AT BIRTH. It consists of a given name and a family name. The family name in most cases comes from the father but if the father is unknown or the parents are not married at the time of child's birth, the child may get the mother's family name. So the child gets the name of some family (father's or mother's) but since it happens at birth it is called the NAME AT BIRTH. No need to mention that such name can be one only and it is recorded for the rest of child's life. Then later on in life a person may change his/her name (called SURNAME or FAMILY NAME) for different reasons and a number of times. If the woman gets married she usually changes her name for the one of her husband. Then she has the husband's surname or family name and this name will be different from her SURNAME AT BIRTH. A man may also change his surname or family name because he does not like the spelling or for any other reason and then his surname or family name will be different from his SURNAME AT BIRTH. When filling out any application there is a field asking for SURNAME/FAMILY NAME (any application for naturalisation of English speaking countries). A person must write down his/her name that they have at that time. This is their FAMILY NAME then. But below there is a field asking for SURNAME AT BIRTH so there is no doubt who is the appilicant. There can be only one unique name at birth for this person and it cannot be confused with the many family names he/she may have during their long lives. So again, a person may have a couple of different family names within the span of life but only one name or surname at birth.

What is the meaning of the surname Vanderlind?

I have only found that this surname is of Dutch origin. Sorry.

How common is the surname Cassie?

Unofficially, there are only about 500 persons in the US with the surname Cassie.

What is the correct spelling of the surname English?

There is only one common spelling of the surname "English."

Reign of the first born sons - what is this tradition among Lakan Dula descendants?

The reign of the first born son to the Royal Sultanate of Sulu and North borneo is also followed to the last male heir successor to the throne , this is in conjunction to the traditional lineage of the Islamic Royal succession, the last male heir first born son has to continue the lineage to the throne. The unbroken hierarchy to the throne is successive to the three Royal rank to avoid confusion among the heir. The Sultan must have been a Rajah Mudah and Maharajah Adinda, without going through this process , there would be a chaos in the lineage to the throne as what claiming Sultan is doing now. The passed on relative to the throne cannot be a Sultan but Datu's only. This can be best explained if there are three brothers to the throne , the first two older brother son's are called passed on to the hierarchy because the last male heir successor oldest son will take place of the Sultan simply because the oldest son will be the Rajah Muda of his father. this is not contestable because even to the second brother , the first born son of the last male heir successor is the Maharajah Adinda and his father is the Rajah Muda of the second brother, this predictive pattern is one way and not transferrable to each other. Before the Spaniards came, native Filipinos have a very prosperous Kingdom, based in Intramuros, Manila. The natives called their king Lakan and the name of their last King is Dula. Lakan Dula is the first born son. He could never have been crowned Lakan if he is not the first born son. It was in Lakan Dula's era when Britain and Spain are fighting for world power. Britain's way is to gain the trust of native royalties all over the world by diplomacy or intermarriages and then group these royalties into federation under its leadership. Spain's way is through conquest and subjugation. Lakan Dula's tall and fair appearance came from his great grand father who has British blood, a Lord of Manor from Oxfordshire. Lakan Dula is the early attempt of the British to gain the trust of the native Manila aristocracy. In a book written by Rowena Reyes-Boquiren, Ph.D.,from the division of Social Sciences of University of the Philippines College Baguio, entitled HISTORY OF COLONIALISM AND STRUGGLE : LOCAL STREAMS IN PHILIPPINE NATIONALISM (Prepared for the 1999 Ibon Philippine Educators Training, ) Baguio City.), she said that the first uprising in Manila against Spain happened in 1571 in Marikina Valley in what is now known as Cainta, probably in the vicinity of Balanti, near the known settlement of Lakan Dula descendants in what is now known today as Jesus de la Pena. The full blown revolt of Lakan Dula happened three years later involving 10,000 natives and its spread form Manila to Cavite, Batangas and Mindoro. Take note that during the British invasion of Manila, the first ever election happened also in Marikina Valley and the British forces and deserters, mostly Sepoys, also escaped and settled in Cainta, showing the link of Lakan Dula to the British royalty. The British also participated in Philippine history when it befriended the Sultanate of Sulu and lease Sabah and manuevere it to be joined in the Malaysian Federation, which is under its control during those times. Today, the reign of the first born sons of the descendant of the Sultanate of Sulu is still uneasy with that maneuver of the British. The bloodline of the Sultanate is still intact, thru the first born sons. The lineage of the hierarchy has been broken when Dayang Dayang Hadji Piandao assume as the lady Sultan which was not allowed in the Islamic Royal Succession, when pressured , Dayang Dayang Hadji Piandao caused to substitute her husband Ombra Amil bangsa who also is not Kiram. this was coupled by another tragedy in the hierarchy when Abraham Rasul were asked by President Marcos while the reigning Rajah Mudah Punjungan Kiram was in Sabah,he instead pointed Mahakuttah Kiram, Muhammad Fuad A. Kiram I is the brother of the late Mahakuttah . Both sons of Sultan Esmail Kiram has never been a Maharajah Adinda nor Rajah Mudah of their father because the next in line to the throne is the younger brother of their father Punjungan Kiram, Mahakuttah Abdulla Kiram (Sultan 1974-1986) was mistakenly assume the throne while Punjungan was in Sabah,he was the son of the late HM Sultan Muhammad Esmail E. Kiram I (Sultan 1947-1973), who gave the power of attorney to Philippine Pres. Diosdado Macapagal in 1962 then to Philippine Pres. Ferdinand E. Marcos in 1969 for the Philippine Government to recover Sabah. His grandfather was HM Sultan Mawallil Wasit Kiram, successor to his brother HM Sultan Jamalul Kiram II (Sultan 1893-1936), childless, who died of poisoning. HM Sultan Mawallil Wasit Kiram ruled only for six (6) months due to death by poisoning in 1936, whereupon the throne was inherited by his first-born son HM Sultan Muhammad Esmail E. Kiram I. The father of HM Jamalul Kiram II was HM Sultan Jamalul Ahlam Kiram who leased North Borneo (Sabah) to a British Company in 1878. HRH Prince Ezzarhaddon A. Kiram is the Crown Prince of the Royal Hashemite Sultanate of Sabah and is known as the Prince of Kota Kinabalu while his brother HRH Prince Al-mezzheer A. Kiram is the Crown Prince of the Royal Hashemite Sultanate of Sulu and is known as the Prince of Jolo. First born sons are traditional and hereditary leaders in most culture of the world. Even Jesus is a first born son. Recently, the Discovery Channel filmed Rameses: Wrath of God or Man?, in which a team of archeologists led by professor Kent Weeks will investigate the tomb of the princes of Rameses II, who is believed to be the Pharaoh of the Exodus. One of the findings to be shown on the program is the skull of Amun-her-khepeshef, whom Weeks identifies as the firstborn son of Rameses II. This shows how important the first born sons even during the time of the Egyptian pharaohs. First born sons are also valued in Scottish rites as shown in this excerpt: "On the advice of an expert, it is presumed that in this particular translation the Judge is the Almighty, who is being asked to understand what it is that makes it necessary for the owner of the sword to take a life in battle. For the purpose of greater simplicity, I always refer to the sword by the name that, throughout my life, I've most commonly heard it called ... Discerner. Traditionally, the custom of passing the sword from one generation to the next, always father to first born son, remained unbroken well into the 1600s." In Marikina Valley, where the Lakan Dula and British influence are very strong, the culture of installing the first born son as the leader of the clan was shown in the Mayorazgo Tuason, which appeared to be the only noble estate in the Philippines. The succession to the mayorazgo was based on male primogeniture (first born or eldest son). This was not only a Spanish policy but also a Chinese custom. In fact, Son-tua, the original surname of the Tuasons, means "eldest son." The first holder of the mayorazgo was Don Vicente Dolores Tuason. The hereditary and titular leader of the Dulay Clan of Marikina Valley is also an uninterrupted succession of the first born sons tracing back from way back sixth generation. The present leader is the 5th generation eldest son Sofronio l, and he is grooming his only son, Sofronio ll, as the sixth hereditary titular head of the clan. Ceferino Dulay, 4th generation head of the clan is a friend and ward leader of President Diosdado Macapagal, who is also a descendant of Lakan Dula. Ceferino settled in Marikina Valley from Tondo. Emiliano Guevara settled in Marikina Valley from Quiapo. Unlike the Dulay Clan of Marikina Valley, the reigns of the first born sons of the Tuazon and Guevara Clans of Marikina Valley are now obscure. The reign of first born sons is prevalent in other clans and tribes in the Philippines as shown by this excerpt from the northern Philipppines,: "In his testimony, program recipient and partner Peter Bangngayon of the Tulgao tribe related how his family had been filled with hatred and absorbed in trying to avenge his father who was killed by a Basao member when he was still small. Being the first born son, the responsibility to revenge fell on his shoulder and he was then persistently prompted by his tribe mates to carry out that duty." How important then is the reign of the first born sons among the descendants of Lakan Dula. Technically speaking, if we can identify the present and current first born son of the long line of Lakan Dula descendants from the generation of Lakan Dula to the present, we have in a way identify the hereditary and titular head of the Kingdom of Manila, the way the Sultanate of Sulu was able to identify theirs. And the guy could just be mixing around with the people... never knowing his significance to the Filipino culture. Could he be Tom Dula…, of the Tom Dooley fame? The reigning first born son is just around us, he is probably from among the several Filipino clans who are tracing their roots from Lakan Dula. Is that important enough?

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