No. Holsteins are also slaughtered for beef, especially when they're no longer productive. Bull calves are also raised as veal calves. Most of the hamburger and veal meat come from dairy cattle that include not just Holsteins, but Jerseys, and Brown Swiss as well.
No, dairy cows are not extinct. They are quite common in certain areas, living in either enclosed barns or out on pastures or fields. Ninety-five percent of dairy cows are Holsteins/Friesians (just like the picture of the two Holstein cows above), and the rest are Jerseys, Brown Swiss, Dutch Belted, Montbeliard, Normande, Canadienne, Fleckvieh, and others. Dairy cows are easily identifiable by either the black and white coat colour, or the large udders with seemingly thin appearance (pronounced by the projecting hip bones usually).
Not referee cows.
Dairy cows are found all over, not just on islands.
By not eating dairy products. You can eat cows though. Just not their udders.
No. Dairy cows, especially those that have been "improved" for more conventional and commercial dairy farming are actually less disease resistant than their heritage ancestors or other breeds that are more heritage-type animals than commercial Jerseys or Holstein cattle. Commercially-raised dairy cows are susceptible to any and all diseases unless they are vaccinated and/or properly cared for and fed to prevent such disease from occurring. Mastitis, Milk Fever, Ketosis, Johnes Disease, Foot and Mouth Disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, Bovine Viral Diarrhea, and Tuberculosis are just some diseases that dairy cattle can get.
A Dairy farm is a farm where the main aim of the enterprise is the production of milk. Dairy does not specifically refer to cattle, a dairy could also milk goats, sheep, camels or any other mammal that lactates.
There are a lot of different jobs in a dairy: milking, breeding, feeding, nursing calves, treating of hospital cows, assisting cows with calving, maintenance, etc. A small dairy (till about 200 cows) will have one or two people do all the jobs, a dairy that is larger will have more and more specified jobs. At a 1000 cow dairy or larger the milkers will just be milking and the feeders just feeding, etc.
There is not just one office for all of the purebred associations in the world. There are specific breed associations for example if you have Holstein cows than you need to look for the breed association in your area. Hope this helps, if you have further questions let me know.
When you say 'normal cows', I assume you mean beef cows. Beef cows and dairy cows vary incredibly in their genetics. Although they are the same species, they have been bred over hundreds of years for two completely different purposes. This has resulted in different breeds which are either beef or dairy, or multipurpose. Beef cattle are bred to utilize the feed they eat into the production of muscle. These animals tend to be fast growing and gain quickly in size and weight from birth to the time they hit the market. A few continental breeds like Belgian Blue and Piedmontese have been bred to be 'double-muscled', which means they can increase the number of muscle cells, rather than just increasing the size of each muscle cell. Dairy cows on the other hand have been bred to produce high quantities of quality milk. They produce less muscle because they focus most of their energy intake into milk production. The Holstein breed, for instance, is recognized as the most prolific milk producer, averaging around 8,000 Litres per lactation. Other dairy breeds include Jersey, Ayrshire, Guernsey, and Brown Swiss.
Cheese came from cows on dairy farms or just plan factorys.
There are just over 3 million.
No. They sometimes live in barns or in pens that are not actually grass, just dirt or cement lots.