Artificial Selection
Eat, stay healthy, & succesfull breed to produce more cows to sell.
Dairy cows, those cows that are selected for and bred to produce milk.
Yes. You need to put a bull inside a dairy farm with cows in it so that you'll get the chance to produce a calf for your friends to adopt.
Selective breeding, the farmer will select what bulls to breed to what cows in order to increase milk production.
Cows are bred to produce calves which are often sent to be "made into" beef. So in a nutshell, the answer to your question may very well be "yes."
Breed with bulls to produce calves, graze grass and hay offered to them by humans, sleep, etc.
The past of the word breed is bred. You can say something like "The bull has been bred in the past" or "We bred the bull to all of the cows to produce superior stock".
Any cow can have a calf per year, usually cows will be able to breed and produce calves until they are 7-10 years of age.
Those cows that are consistent in milk production, calving ease, fertility, mothering ability, etc. and are able to breed on time and produce a calf every year.
Hereford cows and longhorn cattle can breed and produce hybrid offspring, but it is not a common practice since they are different breeds with distinct characteristics and breeding goals. Breeding between these two breeds may not be ideal for maintaining the desired traits of either breed.
An Elite cow is any cow from any breed that excels in production and progeny. These are usually diary cows, that produce high amounts of milk and give birth to heifers that do the same.
No, never. Pigs and cows are two entirely different species, making it impossible to produce something even remotely considered a "breed." Pigs and cows cannot interbreed to produce offspring due to the vast genetic differences between these two animals.