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Australia has around 25 species of seahorses. They include:

  • Bullneck seahorse - Hippocampus minotaur - found in Southern NSW, and Bass Strait.
  • Pygmy seahorse - Hippocampus bargibanti - from Queensland north to Japan.
  • Collared seahorse - Hippocampus jugumus - which is only known from 1 specimen off Lord Howe Island
  • Smooth seahorse - Hippocampus kampylotrachelos - usually found in Indonesia and the Timor Sea. Australian specimen is known from Ashmore Reef (WA).
  • Low-crown seahorse - Hippocampus dahli - in coastal waters from Moreton Bay in southeast Queensland to Darwin.
  • Flat-face seahorse Hippocampus planifrons - Shark Bay and Broome (WA).
  • False-eyed seahorse - Hippocampus biocellatus - Shark Bay (WA) in shallow algae or weedy reef habitats.
  • Short-head seahorse - Hippocampus breviceps - in gulfs of South Australia, as well as Bass Strait and Tasmania.
  • Knobby seahorse - Hippocampus tuberculatus - Perth to Onslow (WA).
  • Common seahorse - Hippocampus taeniopterus - Moluccan seas, Papua New Guinea, Darwin, tropical waters off the east coast (from about Brisbane north).
  • Sad seahorse - Hippocampus tristis - Northern NSW, southern QLD and Lord Howe Island.
  • Winged seahorse - Hippocampus alatus - Northern Australia from WA to Cape York and Papua New Guinea.
  • Queensland seahorse - Hippocampus queenslandicus- Queensland coast (inner reef waters).
  • Half-spined seahorse - Hippocampus semispinosus - believed to be off the northwest shelf of Australia.
  • Eastern Potbelly seahorse - Hippocampus abdominalis - Eden to Newcastle NSW and New Zealand.
  • Southern Potbelly seahorse - Hippocampus bleekeri - South Australia, Bass Strait and Tasmania.
  • Zebra seahorse - Hippocampus zebra - Known only from a few specimens off the Queensland coast and Milne Bay Papua New Guinea.
  • Monte Bello seahorse - Hippocampus montebelloensis - Only known from Monte Bello Island and Exmouth Gulf in WA.
  • White's seahorse - Hippocampus whitei - Estuaries and harbours of NSW.
  • High-crown seahorse - Hippocampus procerus -Southern QLD in algae reefs.
  • West Australian seahorse - Hippocampus elongatus- Western coast north to Kalbarri.
  • Hedgehog seahorse - Hippocampus spinosissimus - Unconfirmed in Australia, but definitely found in Sapeh Strait, Komodo.
  • Northern Spiny seahorse - Hippocampus multispinus- NW Western Australia and Northern Territory, also known from Milne Bay, Papua New Guinea.
  • Thorny seahorse - Hippocampus histrix - Widespread species (Japan to Indonesia and New Caledonia) but not officially confirmed in Australia.
  • Eastern Spiny seahorse - Hippocampus hendriki - Great Barrier Reef, QLD.
  • Western Spiny seahorse - Hippocampus angustus - Central Coast of Western Australia.
  • Big-head seahorse - Hippocampus grandiceps -Known only from the QLD side of the Gulf of Carpentaria.
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14y ago

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