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Management is regarded as an art by some science by others and in exact science by many more The truth seems to be somewhere in between In the light of this statement explain the nature of Management?
The concept of management is universal and very old. That is why different views have been expressed about its nature by different writers from time to time. The continuous and rapid development of management principles and practices in organization has changed the nature of management. The main points of view about the nature of management are given below:Management as an Inborn or Acquired AbilityIn the pre-scientific management period, i.e., prior to 1880 there has been a leading concept that management is an inborn ability. It is a traditional approach. The supporters of this concept believe that the hereditary characteristics, inborn talents and natural aptitudes of a man make him an efficient manager. Some people are so efficient and talented since their birth that they lead and get success in the field of business. To our mind, this concept was used when the ownership and management were not separated. But later on the researches and development in the field of science, technology and training etc. changed this old concept. Today management is considered not only as an inborn ability but also as an acquired ability. In the words of Ordway Tead, "Managers are both born and made." Today, in large-sized business organizations, ownership and management are separate identities. The management lies in the hands of professional managers who are educated and trained. Thus, now the management can be considered as an acquired ability.Management as an Art, Science or BothA lot of controversy arises whether management is an art or science or both. It is said that the management is the oldest of arts and youngest of science. This explains the changing nature of management. But to have an exact answer to this question, it is necessary to understand both these aspects separately and combinedly, as given below:Management as an Art:Art refers to the way of doing specific things; it indicates how an object can be achieved. In the words of George R. Terry, "Art is bringing about of a desired result through the application of skill." Art is, thus, skilful application of knowledge which entirely depends on the inherent capacity of a person which comes from within a person and is learned from practice and experience. In this sense, management is certainly an art as a manager uses his skill, knowledge and experience in solving various problems, both complicated and non-complicated that arise in the working of his enterprise successful. In the words of Ernest Dale, "Management is considered as an art rather than science mainly because managerial skill is a personnel possession and is intuitive."Management as a Science:Science may be described as a systematized body of knowledge based on proper findings and exact principles and is capable of verification. It is a reservoir of fundamental truths and its findings apply safely in all the situations. In this sense, management is a science as it has also developed some systematized knowledge. Like other sciences, management has also developed certain principles, laws, generalization, which are universal in nature and are applicable wherever the efforts of the people are to be coordinated. But management is not as exact science as other physical sciences like physic, chemistry, biology, astronomy etc. The main reason for the inexactness of science of management is that it deals with the people and it is very difficult to predict their behavior accurately. In this way, management falls in the area of 'social sciences'. Thus, it is a social science.Conclusion- Management is an Art and Science BothFrom the above study, we conclude that management is an art and science both. According to American Society of Mechanical Engineers. "Management is the art and science of preparing, organizing and directing human efforts to control the forces and utilize the material of nature for the benefit of men. "Thus, it has now been accepted that management is an art as well as science. It has the elements of both arts and science. In the words of Dean Stanley, "Management is a mixture of an art an science - the present ratio is about 80% art and 20% science."
Why you study operational management?
babot I think the reason why we study operational management because it involves many activities, and it is also the part of business
What are the reason people study management?
People study management to acquire essential skills for effectively leading teams and organizations, enhancing their ability to make strategic decisions. It provides a deep understanding of organizational behavior, resource allocation, and operational efficiency. Additionally, management education fosters critical thinking and problem-solving skills, preparing individuals for diverse career opportunities in various sectors. Ultimately, it empowers them to drive positive change and achieve organizational goals.
What is the reason for using risk management for work?
One of the main reasons for using risk management for work is that in larger companies, the value that one of the assets in the company might decrease due to a change in value of external factors. With a risk management one can prevent this from happening.
What is the recommended structure for user stories in agile project management?
In agile project management, user stories are typically structured with a simple template: "As a type of user, I want a goal so that reason." This format helps teams focus on user needs and outcomes.
What is the reason of significant impact on behavior management?
Significant impact on behaviour management is important to watch. You want to know the triggers for poor behaviour, so that you can manage the behavior in a positive way.
Is marketing a science or an art?
In that it develops and applies new knowledge of behavior it is a science. In that it applies creativity and gut instinct unsupported by facts it is an art. There is no reason it cannot be both.
Is marketing an art or science?
In that it develops and applies new knowledge of behavior it is a science. In that it applies creativity and gut instinct unsupported by facts it is an art. There is no reason it cannot be both.
What was Diderot's contribution to the Age of Reason?
diderot's contribution to the age of reason was he created an encyclopedia on his philosophy which was 208 pages long.
What are the definitions of management?
Management is the process of getting activities completed efficiently and effectively with and through other people.Management functions include:PlanningOrganizingLeadingControllingThe tools of management are science and the practice of management is art.It is an art because we have to be creative, flexible, use yourself and our abilities to motivate and manage people. At the same time it is also a science because in management, we use theories for application. But the reason that no management theory or approach can guarantee a practical success in a social or economic organization deviates it from science to an art. So, management is the art of handling the different aspects of an organization.Moreover, management is the subject of commerce - Commerce means commercial arts. Commercial means scientific reason. So in this way management is the combination of science and arts.
Is psychology a social science or natural science?
Psychology is considered both a social science and a natural science. It is a social science because it involves the study of human behavior and interactions, but it is also a natural science because it examines the physiological and biological processes underlying behavior.
What movement stressed science and reason in the 1700s?
The enlightenment was the movement which stressed science and reason.
What role Immanuel Kant have on the development of sociology as a science?
Immanuel Kant had a significant impact on the development of sociology by emphasizing the importance of reason, individual freedom, and autonomy. His ideas on moral philosophy and the social contract influenced later sociologists in their study of society and human behavior. Kant's emphasis on reason and rationality laid the foundation for sociological inquiry and the study of human behavior in society.
Why is is there so much math in science?
Science is the culture of truth and reason, science is its language.
How did Enlightenement thinkers Believe society could be changed?
The idea knowledge reason and science
Philosophes believed in?
science and reason
How can parents effectively implement a baby time out strategy for discipline and behavior management?
To effectively implement a baby time out strategy for discipline and behavior management, parents should choose a quiet and safe place for the time out, use a timer to set a short duration appropriate for the child's age, calmly explain the reason for the time out, and consistently follow through with the consequence. It is important to use time outs sparingly and focus on positive reinforcement for good behavior.
