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What are the major techniques of planned change?
An organization can be changed by altering its structure, its technology, its people, or some combination of these features.Approaches to Structural and planned Change:Changing an organization's structure involves rearranging its internal systems, such as the lines of communication, work flow, or management hierarchy. If you recall the aspects of structure discussed, you will recognize that these are the changes that can be made:1. Organizational Design: Classical organizational designs focus on carefully defining job responsibilities and on creating appropriates divisions of labor and lines of performance. As we have noted frequently one of the most significant structural trends is toward the flat, organization, in which middle layers of management are eliminated to streamline the interaction of top managers with non-management employees, who are given more responsibilities. Wal-Mart, recently named the United States's leading retailer, has a flat structure.2. Decentralization: One approach to decentralization involves creating smaller self-contained organizational units that are meant to increase the motivation and performance of unit members and to focus their attention on high priority activities. Decentralization also encourages each unit to adapt its structure and technology to its particular tasks and to its environment. Cray Research's decision to let founder Seymour Cray pursue his own research interests in a new company, Cray Computer, is a good example. Another is Disney's decision to create Touchstone Pictures, which offers more sophisticated films than the traditional Disney fare.Modified work flow: Modification of the work flow and careful grouping of specialties may also lead to an improvement in productivity and morale. One expression of this trend is the amount of money employees can spend without getting authorization. The consulting firm of A T Kearney found that the best-performing companies in the Fortune 200 let division managers spend as much as $20 million on their own signature. On a smaller scale, the WIX division of the Dana Corporation lets many employees spend $100 on a process innovation without going through a slow and potentially painful and humiliating process of getting authorization. Another expression of this idea is that managers speed product development by "jamming people from disparate functions together in the same room or workplace or cubby hole".3. technological change:Changing an organization's technology involves altering its equipment engineering processes, research techniques, or production methods.Production technology often has a major effect on organizational structure. For that reason, techno-structural or socio-technical approaches attempt to improve performance by simultaneously changing aspects of an organization's structure and its technology. Job enlargement and job enrichment are examples of techno-structural approaches to change.4. changing people:Both the technical and the structural approaches try to improve organizational performance by changing the work situation. The people approaches, on the other hand, try to change employee behavior by focusing on their skills, attitudes, perceptions, and expectations. We will explore an extension of this approach to change now when we discuss organizational development.CHANDAN MEDATWAL, KOTA
What is the most appropriate organizational architecture for a firm that is competing in an industry where global strategy is appropriate?
I am searching the answer too, but I have got some information about it. Maybe it will help. The appropriateness of each strategy depends on the pressures for cost reduction and local responsiveness in the industry. There are four basic strategies to compete in the international environment: global standardization localization transnational International The global standardization strategy focuses on increasing profitability and profit growth by reaping the cost reductions that come from economies of scale, learning effects, and location economies. The strategic goal is to pursue a low-cost strategy on a global scale. The global standardization strategy makes sense when: There are strong pressures for cost reductions Demands for local responsiveness are minimal The global matrix structure is an attempt to minimize the limitations of the worldwide area structure and the worldwide product divisional structure. The global matrix structure: Allows for differentiation along two dimensions - product division and geographic area Has dual decision--making - product division and geographic area have equal responsibility for operating decisions Can be bureaucratic and slow Can result in conflict between areas and product divisions Can result in finger-pointing between divisions when something goes wrong Firms pursuing a global standardization strategy focus on the realization of location and experience curve economies. Headquarters maintains control over most decisions The need for integrating mechanisms is high Strong organizational cultures are encouraged The worldwide product division is common
Who is the Father of organizational behavior?
"Frederic Winslow Taylor, (1856-1915). Taylor was one of the first to attempt to systematically analyze human behavior at work. His model was the machine with its cheap, interchangeable parts, each of which does one specific function. Taylor attempted to do to complex organizations what engineers had done to machines and this involved making individuals into the equivalent of machine parts. Just as machine parts were easily interchangeable, cheap, and passive, so too should the human parts be the same in the Machine model of organizations. "
What is the style of conflict when management attempt to force a solution on the other person?
avoidance
How should a corporation attempt to achieve synergy among functions and business units?
dfsfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdf
What is the best way to define a rough draft?
A time to organize ideas into a logical or coherent sequence and get them on paper in the form of sentences and paragraphs. The process during which you take the organizational structure of your outline and use it as a blueprint for writing your first attempt at a complete essay
What is a rough drafting?
A pre-write, your first attempt, at a formal paper that usually is critiqued and improved on until you are satisfied with it. Then it becomes your final draft. The process during which you take the organizational structure of your outline and use it as a blueprint for writing your first attempt at a complete essay A rough draft is a part of an English project that lets teachers check your handwriting, spelling, and punctuation WITHOUT going ahead of everyone!
What gives managers the right to direct and to control their subordinates in order to attempt to accomplish organizational goals?
Authority
What was the Bohr model an attempt to explain?
The Bohr model was an attempt to explain the structure of the hydrogen atom, specifically the discrete energy levels of electrons and the transitions between these levels that produce spectral lines. It proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed circular paths at specific distances, or energy levels.
What was the name of the project developed by Google as an attempt to complete with wikipedia?
Aol
Why did Saint Genesius?
Why did Saint Genesius WHAT? You need to complete your question so that we can attempt to answer it. .
Did the french succeed on the panama canal?
No. The French attempt to complete the Panama Canal failed.
In how many years one have to complete icwa?
it takes three years to complete icwa if you clear all the papers in one attempt only.
What does the treatment for alcoholism include?
That depends on the approach used. Some attempt to bring about moderate drinking whereas others attempt to bring about complete abstinence from alcohol.
What is oppertunity?
I believe what you meant was opportunity. Opportunity means a chance or an ideal time to attempt or complete something.
What is personnel structure?
Personnel structure within an organisation is how it's employee base is organised/structured. The complexity of an organisation's structure will depend on the services the company offers and number of employees. Most businesses will attempt to structure there company in the most cost-effective manner
Under which program did gorbachev attempt to modify the economic structure of the soviet economy by allowing some private enterprise?
glasnost
