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•Data redundancyDifferent systems/programs have separate copies of the same data

•Program-data dependence

All programs maintain metadata for each file they use

•Lack of flexibility

Programmers must design their own file formats

•Poor security, lack of data-sharing and availability

No centralized control of data

•Excessive Program Maintenance

80% of of information systems budget

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Related Questions

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A large distributed database presents several security problems, such as data breaches, unauthorized access, data leaks, and data inconsistency. Ensuring secure communication between nodes, access control, encryption, and regular security audits are essential to mitigate these risks. Additionally, managing user authentication, authorization, and ensuring compliance with data protection regulations become more complex in a distributed environment.


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Where is the data of www stored?

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