This is a prospecting term. It means to illegally gain possession of someone else's mining claim, usually by force or simple occupation.
No, "take a jump at the running donut" is not a recognized idiom in English. It seems to be a nonsensical phrase without a clear meaning or established usage. Idioms typically have figurative meanings that are widely understood, whereas this phrase does not fit that criteria.
"To be" is not an idiom - it's a verb.
The idiom, 'jump out of your skin,' was first seen in England in the 1800s. It refers to a person being so scared that they 'jump out of their skin,' by dying and becoming a ghost.
jump a lots
Pest is not an idiom. It's a word.
The idiom "apple shiner" means the teacher's pet.
The meaning of the idiom in the pink of health means being in good health.
jokers
The idiom means impress someone is egg on
It's not an idiom - to cope means to deal with, or to handle
"Old hand" is an idiom meaning having lots of experience.
It is not an idiom. It is an expression. The difference is that an idiom's meaning cannot be derived from the meaning of its individual words. In the expression wolfing down food, the meaning is clearly derived from the meaning of the words, and people have been saying it for hundreds of years.