To find the reduced level (RL) of a point in surveying, you start with a known benchmark (a point with a fixed elevation) and measure the height of the instrument (HI) by adding the benchmark's elevation to the height of the instrument above that benchmark. Then, you conduct a leveling survey by measuring the staff readings at the point of interest. The reduced level is calculated by subtracting the staff reading from the height of the instrument (RL = HI - staff reading). This method ensures accurate elevation data for various surveying applications.
protractor
alidade
A ruler.
Elevation of point + whatever reading from Meter Rod= HI
Height of Instrument
When surveying using a "level" instrument , the "level" instrument is set-up and adjusted to level by adjusting the screws. When surveying you have an instrument person and a rod person. When trying to find the height of the instrument, the rod person places there rod over a "known" elevation, either a benchmark or a temporary benchmark that has a known elevation. To get the height of the instrument, you need to "shoot" the level to the rod person holding the rod on the known elevation, this is called the "Backsight". This elevation will be read by the instrument person, and recorded in the survey field book. This value backsight elevation will then be added to the known elevation of the benchmark or the temporary benchmark, to get the height of instrument. HI = known elevation + BS Height
To find the reduced level (RL) of a point in surveying, you start with a known benchmark (a point with a fixed elevation) and measure the height of the instrument (HI) by adding the benchmark's elevation to the height of the instrument above that benchmark. Then, you conduct a leveling survey by measuring the staff readings at the point of interest. The reduced level is calculated by subtracting the staff reading from the height of the instrument (RL = HI - staff reading). This method ensures accurate elevation data for various surveying applications.
protractor
A graphometer is a surveying instrument. It is used to measure angles.
weak assidnment
The line of collimation in surveying is an imaginary line that extends from the objective lens of a surveying instrument to the crosshairs in the telescope. It helps ensure the instrument is properly aligned and level for accurate measurements. By keeping the line of collimation straight and horizontal, surveyors can minimize errors in their readings.
The Visayas are islands in the Philippines. As to 'instrument' - you need to give more information? Musical instrument? Surveying instrument? Or something else?
Jacobs Staff
The groma wa a surveying instrument.
You can buy surveying equipment at TigerSupplies.com/surveying. Yahoo has a directory of equipment providers here (http://dir.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Business_to_Business/Engineering/Civil_Engineering/Land_Surveying/Supplies/Equipment/). You can buy land surveying equipment by visiting http://www.professionalequipment.com/surveying-instrument-digital-transit-neth-203-northwest-instrument-10220/laser-levels/?source=pegs. They cost about $1,200.
optical surveying instrument