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The most obvious difference is that the standards for each are from different "worlds" so they are expressed in different engineering units of measurement.

Because of the above, the fundamental physical properties of the materials used to make the flanges may or may not be the same. Then, because of both of the above conditions the resulting size, shape and fit of the resultant fitting may - or may not fit together. And, even if they do fit (by coincidence) there is no engineering basis to assume that the resultant joint (which is why the flange is there in the first place) will behave in any predictable way.

Without a systematic empirical test, to use flanges from two different domains, join them together and then pressurize the system is like tossing the dice in a game of chance. What engineer is going to take this chance. What insurance company will cover the accident?

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