Paleoclimatology
Depending on the selected material may be long term and may be short in some cases
The term for the study of words is "lexicology."
Strategic financial management is a study of finance. It will a study a company with its long term goals in mind for more reference.
Developing a purpose
Climatology is the study of climate and how it changes over time.
A space station
"Trichology" is the technical term for the study of hair.
There is no term as there is no reason to study them.
A climatologist examines the changes in the climate and endeavor to predict long term forecasts. Climatologists are unlike meteorologists who study climate changes in the short term.
The term that means the study of is "ology," such as biology, psychology, or geology.
Mycology is the medical term that refers to the study of fungus.