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France
Britain had a treaty to protect the neutrality of Belgium.
In the period before World War 1 it was: Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy. However, Italy had joined hastily in 1882, had claims on Austrian territory and did not fight alongside Austria-Hungary and Germany in World War 1. In fact, in 1915 it entered th war on the side of the Entente. For more info on the tripple alliance, check out http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Alliance_(1882)
The Triple Alliance, aka The Central Powers. The main alliance included Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. The Ottoman Empire also sided with Germany. Towards the end of the war, Italy joined the Entente and ceded from The Triple Alliance.
Britain declared war on Germany because Germany attacked Belgium in order to strategically invade France. Britain vowed to protect Belgium, so Britain joined World War I.