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In 1946, tensions escalated between the Nationalist government, led by Chiang Kai-shek, and the Communist Party of China, led by Mao Zedong, following the end of World War II. After a brief period of cooperation during the war, civil war erupted again as both sides sought control over China. The Nationalists aimed to consolidate power, while the Communists gained popular support, particularly in rural areas. This conflict ultimately led to a full-scale civil war that would last until 1949, ending with the establishment of the People's Republic of China under Communist rule.

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