The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in Savajevo, Bosnia, by a Serbian nationalist teenager, Gavrilo Princip. The Austrian government claimed, possibly correctly, that the assassination had been planned by the Serbian secret service and therefore sent a set of demands (an ultimatum) to the Serbian government. Please click on the related question for a discussion of the fundamental causes.
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Technically? The American Revolution.
That Revolution inspired the French Revolution, partly by increasing France's war debts to obscene levels and enraging the populace beyond the boiling point. The Napoleonic Wars that followed led to a European backlash against Democracy after Bonaparte's deposition. In the afterwar period, the various powers of Europe developed a series of secret alliances that normally would have led to a constant stalemate between powers.
But the world hit the Industrial Revolution then, leading to more advanced technology being used in conjunction with ever more antiquated tactics. This industrialization in turn produced more democratically friendly political changes in Europe's structure. With this political shift, coupled with the technological boom, Nationalism appeared on the continent, the identification of oneself by one's country before race or creed.
This burgeoning nationalism spread throughout the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The various Slavic peoples desired nations of their own, which the Austrians would never grant. Some turned to terrorism to attain their goals, such as the Black hand, who in 1914 succeded in assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife while visiting their Serbian subjects.
All those secret alliances were called in, and the now nationalistic pseudo-democratic-hyper-industrialized empires were all too happy to march to war.
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the assassination of archduke lez ferdinand of austria by a serbic nationalist. Allies of both countries jumped in and there you go
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
The spark that set of WW1 was the assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria - Hungary.
Serbia started WWI when the serbs killed the archduke of austria-hungry
The murder of a prince in Sarajevo.
Serbia and austria-Hungary