The war in the Pacific was a NAVAL WAR. Land battle victories were irrelevant. A victorious army holding an island could be starved into NO ARMY AT ALL without control of the sea to re-supply it. SOME of the key naval battles in the pacific were: The Battle of the Java Sea, The Battle of the Coral Sea (Japanese tactical victory/US strategical victory), Battle of Savo Island, Sea Battles off of Guadalcanal, Battle of Midway, Battle of the Philippine Sea, Battle of Leyte Gulf (history's largest naval battle), and the battle between the British battleship & battlecruiser, HMS Prince of Wale & HMS Repulse, both of which were sunk by Japanese Army twin engine bomber/torpedo airplanes.
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The Allied Forces began defeating the Japanese and repelling them back toward Japan after the battles of Midway and Coral Sea.
Had not Japan lost the "cream of the crop" of their naval airmen at Midway in 1942; Japan might have won battles, that they historically lost after Midway. And/or men that are today's "grandfathers" may not have survived some of the post-Midway battles. Meaning, certain people of today, would not have been born.
Unfortunately it was the only credible choice for the Allies in WWII. Japan did want to surrender (to surrender in Japan was to lose face). The battles for Iwo Jima and Okinawa were bloodbaths for both sides. An island invasion of Japan would have cost probably a million casualties for both the Allies and Japan. Dropping the two atom bombs was difficult but the only realistic choice for the Allies and Japan. Japan soon surrendered after Nagasaki was bombed.
The time period was from September 1st, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, to September 2nd, 1945, when Japan formally surrendered. The battles against Germany primarily took place in Europe, while the battles against Japan took place on the Pacific islands.
American Naval and Air forces participated in the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Battle of Midway. In both of the battles, the United States and Australian forces won over Japan (defeated Japan). With these two victories over Japan, the American Navy forces began to turn the tide in the war against Japan.