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In 1914, a Serbian student assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. Austria wanted to punish Serbia, who was allies by Russia. Austria later declared war on Russia on August 6, 40 days after the assassination.

Ironically, Austria and Russia were intended to be allies through a negotiation orchestrated in 1837 by the chancellor of Germany called the League of Three Emperors. Austria and Russia could not agree on policies in the Balkan region, however, leaving only Germany and Austria to be allies, which was called the Dual Alliance.

Austria did not want war with Russia, it was more to their advantage to keep the war contained as a local dispute with Serbia. However Russia began mobilization to support the Serbs. Austria alone could not hope to fight against Russia and had a pact with Germany in the event of a conflict with Russia. Germnay took the initiative and warned Russia that if they supported Serbia then Germany would support Austria and to ensure they their intentions were clear Germany declared war on Russia first on August 1st 1914. It wasn't until the 6th that Austria formally declared war on Russia,

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