A: It is a mechanical device once it is exited it will oscillate at its mechanical frequency unless the mechanics changes it will not drift as compered to other oscillators
Oscillators are connected externally with the microcontroller to provide high frequency signal to the oscillator circuit in the microcontroller. The oscillator circuit provides the clock signal to the micro controller. Usually "PIEZO CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS" are used in micro controllers.
Your quartz watch, your cell phone, all electronics that uses a computer inside. The quartz crystal forms the time base for the digital pulses. Crystal oscillators are also used in radio receivers and transmitters to provide accuracy in frequency selection. In a transmitter it provides the exitation frequency. In the receiver it provides the local oscillator in a superhetrodyne setup. Multifrequency devices (tunable and channelised radio) take the local oscillator and multiply and divide it, to provide a comparison frequency for a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO is then controlled by a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) which holds the required frequency very accurately.
The oscillator circuit, which is usually quartz crystal controlled with the quartz crystal in a temperature regulated oven to stabilize its resonant frequency.
There are two kinds of crystal oscillators. One operates at what is called the "series resonance" of the crystal. This resonance is the frequency at which the (AC) impedance between the pins of the crystal is almost zero. The frequency is independent of how much capacitance happens to be in parallel with the crystal - its inside the oscillator and part of the circuit board, etc. But, even frequency that the oscillator runs at.The other kind of oscillator oscillates at "parallel resonance"of the crystal. At this frequency, the impedance from pin to pin of the crystal is almost infinite. This frequency depends on how much capacitance is connected in parallel with the crystal. This parallel capacitance is called "load capacitance". Generic signal-inverter oscillator is this kind of oscillator.The common oscillator connection is for the crystal to be connected from the inverter output to the input. And, there is a capacitor at each end of the crystal to ground. The NET load capacitance is SERIES equivalent value of those two capacitors.PLUS stray capacitance from the circuit board and the guts of the oscillator. Suppose that the crystal is rated for 22pF load capacitance. The stray capacitance is about 7pF. So, that leave 15pF to be made up from discrete external capacitors. If the external capacitors are equal, then their equivalent is half of their individual value. Thus, in this case, we would want a pair of 30pF capacitors.
Internally two crystal oscillator cycles are used as one single cycle. During one single crystal cycle it is made to logic high and logic low in next cycle so, that 50% duty cycle is maintained.
A: desirable oscillator will have no frequency deviation as a function of external influences such as temperature and more. Stability is measured as a % factor considering outside interferences
oscillator frequency is different.crystal working piezo electric effect
Oscillators are connected externally with the microcontroller to provide high frequency signal to the oscillator circuit in the microcontroller. The oscillator circuit provides the clock signal to the micro controller. Usually "PIEZO CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS" are used in micro controllers.
One type of oscillator that can produce a 1MHz frequency is a crystal oscillator. Crystal oscillators use a quartz crystal to generate stable and precise frequencies. They are commonly used in electronic devices like radios, computers, and microcontrollers to provide accurate timing signals.
frequency of an oscillator crystal
A: When exited a crystal will oscillate at precise frequency due to its mechanical make up. An electronic oscillator external influences can make it to shift frequency very easily
Your quartz watch, your cell phone, all electronics that uses a computer inside. The quartz crystal forms the time base for the digital pulses. Crystal oscillators are also used in radio receivers and transmitters to provide accuracy in frequency selection. In a transmitter it provides the exitation frequency. In the receiver it provides the local oscillator in a superhetrodyne setup. Multifrequency devices (tunable and channelised radio) take the local oscillator and multiply and divide it, to provide a comparison frequency for a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO is then controlled by a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) which holds the required frequency very accurately.
LC oscillators use inductors and capacitors to generate a frequency, while crystal controlled oscillators use a quartz crystal to establish the frequency. LC oscillators can be less stable and accurate compared to crystal controlled oscillators, which offer better precision and stability. Crystal controlled oscillators are commonly used in applications where precise frequency control is essential.
The 8085 microprocessor has an internal divide-by-two circuit that divides the frequency of the external crystal oscillator by two. This is done to synchronize the internal operations of the microprocessor with the external clock signal and ensure reliable data processing. It also helps in reducing power consumption and improving the stability of the system.
Marvin E. Frerking has written: 'Crystal oscillator design and temperature compensation' -- subject(s): Crystal Oscillators, Frequency stability, Temperature control, Transistor Oscillators
Any where a stable desired frequency is needed. Crystal Oscillators are quite accurate, they are used in computers as well as wrist watches.They use a mechanical oscillatory force that is induced by an electric charge on a piezoelectric substance at resonance.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity~MECHASUN~
The oscillator provides the basic clock of a microcontroller to be able to execute the instructions in a stable, periodic way. It is often used for other peripherals too, like timer, UART, etc. as frequency base, usually divided by a clock divider for integer factors, or by PLL for rational factors. If the timing accuracy of these functions is not important, a simple RC oscillator can be used. Many microcontrollers have it internally. Accuracy is in 1...10% range. For better accuracy and temperature stability, a resonator can be used. For applications where timing is critical, a crystal can be used. Most micros have built-in oscillator, so only a crystal and two caps are needed. For those which have no built-in oscillator, external crystal oscillator module may be used. There are OCXO and TCXO modules available for very high stability needs.