The British used a divide and rule policy in India in order to gain control.Diplomacy and deceit were used to gain control of revenue collection in the province of Bengal. This gave the foreigners effective control of administration. The Marathas, the Sikhs and the rulers of Mysore could never unite to confront the foreign enemy and fell one by one. By the onset of the 19th Century there was no local power that could cope with their onslaught.
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Through the British Raj, Education, The Zamindari system, Ownership of Land, Caste System, Indian civil service and transport.
Great Britain conquered India by having its army in the right place at the right time. A civil war was going on between two armies much stronger than the British Army. When those two armies had destroyed each other, the British Army took over.
the British East India Company
the Himalaya mountains
After the formation of the British East India Company and the arrival of the British in India
Calcutta or Kolkata was the first capital of british India.