One method was to determine the age of the oldest stars. Our estimates were around 20 billion years for these. Another was to calculate backwards from the expansion rate, which gave us a value of about 12 billion years. These two disparate numbers were ultimately resolved by very precise measurements made by the COBE satellite, and further enhanced by the subsequent WMAP satellite.
We now know the age of our universe to be about 13.8 billion years.
The Universe has an age estimated to be about 13.8 billion years.
HD 140283 is the oldest star. Lately estimated to be 14.5 billion years old while the universe's calculated age is just 13.8 billion years old. Of course it's not thought to be older than the universe. There are margins for error in the estimates of its age. It also nicknamed the Methuselah star because it's the oldest known star.
No. It's generally believed that the universe has insufficient mass density to slow or halt its expansion (and in fact, there's some evidence that the rate of expansion is actually increasing due to "dark energy", which is a slightly more academically acceptable way of saying "we don't know what").Excellent answer!The Universe (our universe) will probably end in a «Big RIP» or a «Big Freeze» scenario, after the «Dark Era and Photon Age», about 10100 years from now.Please rememer that after the «Dark Era» age, what happens after this is speculative.There could even occur a new «Big Bang», supereons after the «Dark Era».Or else the «String Theory» is correct, and our universe is a «membane», or «Brane», and may collide with another «brane» sooner, creating a new universe, God nows what type of universe would be created...
By "main" theory I presume you mean Big Bang Cosmology. You can evaluate it by repeating the following tests, all of which have been repeated thousands of times: 1) See how well Hubble's Law holds. 2) Calculate the age of our Universe with Hubble's Law. 3) Check for isotropic radiation from space, with a spectrum identical to a black body with temp 3 K. 4) Look for white dwarf stars older than the age you computed in (2). 5) Examine the ratio of long lived isotopes to their decay products, and see if any decays show radioactivity occuring for longer than the age you computed in (2). 6) Check the ratio of hydrogen to deuterium to helium to lithium in all parts of our Universe, and compare these ratio to that predicted by Big Bang Cosmology. 7) Search for nearby quasars. If the "recent" (ie, the last three billion years or so) Universe is pretty much the same as the older Universe, then there should be as many quasars nearby as there are ones far away. As you can probably guess, all of these tests show that our Universe has been expanding from an immensely more dense and hot state since about 13.7 billion years ago. As of 2012, no observation exists that is in contradiction to that statement.
We know nothing about alien civilizations - anything we believe about them would be speculation. However, based on the age of the Universe, and the fact that our own Solar System is less than half the age of the Universe (so we "came late", so to speak"), there well could be civilizations that are several billion years old.
One way scientists use to calculate the age of the universe is by measuring the rate of expansion of the universe since the Big Bang. By studying the cosmic microwave background radiation, astronomers can determine the age of the universe to be about 13.8 billion years.
Einstein never made any such calculation. Even today the total size of our Universe is speculative at best. Einstein speculated it was infinite in both size and age.
By measuring the rate of expansion of the universe using the Hubble constant and then calculating backwards to determine when the universe started expanding, scientists can estimate the age of the universe. By studying the cosmic microwave background radiation left over from the Big Bang, scientists can infer the age of the universe by measuring the temperature fluctuations and using them to determine the time since the universe began.
Georges Lemaître, a Belgian physicist and Catholic priest, was one of the first to propose a computational estimate for the age of the universe. In 1927, he suggested that the universe originated from a "primeval atom" at a specific point in time, although his value for the age of the universe was later revised.
Scientists use the red shift of light from distant galaxies to measure their distance from us. By measuring the rate of expansion of the universe using red shift data, scientists can calculate the age of the universe, known as the Hubble time, which is currently estimated to be around 13.8 billion years.
The Universe has an age estimated to be about 13.8 billion years.
Light from distant objects in the universe allows scientists to determine the age of those objects based on the time it takes for the light to reach us. The farther away an object is, the longer it takes for its light to travel to us, giving us a glimpse into the past. By measuring the redshift of the light, scientists can calculate the age of the object based on the expansion of the universe.
The universe simply cant expand at 0 acceleration.
that portion of the universe that we can see in principle, given the finite age of the universe
Because that is how old the universe is believed to be
If the age of the universe is equivalent to 1 day, which is 86,400 seconds, then the proportion of mankind's age to the age of the universe is 106 years to 1010 years. Therefore, multiplying 86,400 seconds by 106/1010 will give you the number of seconds mankind would have existed, which is approximately 9,072 seconds.
The universe is 13.7 billion years old & Earth is 4.5 billion years old.