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I am not familiar with the Indian constitution so I can not speak to Indian rights. The fundamental American rights though, are spelled out explicitly in the first ten amendments to our constitution. The First Amendment guarantees are the right to free speech, free press, free assembly, freedom of religion and the right to petition for redress of grievences. The second amendment protects the right to keep and bear arms. The third amendement protects us against having soldiers quartered in our homes. The fourth amendement protects against unreasonable searches and siezures of papers or property without a proper warrant. The fifth amendment protects against being forced to give evidence against yourself in a trial. It also protects against being punished for crime without due process of law. Also it protects private property by forbidding the government from siezing property for public use without paying for it. The sixth amendment guarantees the right to trial by jury and the right to a lawyer. The seventh amendment protects against being tried twice for the same crime. The eighth amendment protects against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment. The ninth and tenth amendments do not involve specific rights. They are general statements that rights not spefifically mentioned are still protected and that powers not specifically granted to the federal government are retained by the states and the people. Another very fundamental right is mentioned and protected in several clauses thropughout the constitution, it is the right to vote without which no rights are safe. I would be interested in knowing how these do compare with Indian rights if you would like to post back and tell us. Michael Montagne

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