What are punishments of Buddhism?

Answer 1

Are you asking for the equivalent of the Christian Hell in Buddhism?

Buddhists don't believe in Hell. A bad person would have lots of negative karma, so they would be reborn as something bad, like a slug. A good person would come back as a great human, or a god (gods are divine beings, but they are not Creator Gods in the Christian sense, and they are not worshipped).

In my opinion, the lack of existence of eternal damnation in Buddhism is a major part of why it is such a peaceful religion. For example, you sometimes see Christians in the streets ringing bells and telling theives, homosexuals and others that they're going to hell. No one likes being told they're eternally damned, so this has a lot of scope to cause wars among different religious groups.

But as Buddhists don't do any of that, there's a very good reason why we're so peaceful: we simply don't do anything that cheeses people off! And no one fights over nothing.

So, yeah. There isn't a hell in Buddhism. Punishment = slug.

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(Revision of the above answer)

Actually, that is not entirely true. Because there are many variant streams of Buddhism one has to ask to which you are referring. For example, in Pure Land Buddhism, one can call upon the merit of an avatar and (regardless of one's karma) be taken into a land of heavenly bliss. This is not a permanent or eternal situation (in the sense of heaven) but is a stop on the way to Nirvana (extinction of thought or self).

In "classical Buddhism" one can be reborn in to a Naraka which is a hell. It is not technically a punishment per se, but is based on ones accumulation of karma. Nakaras are places of torment. Again, unlike the Christian concept, it is not eternal, but is one step on the process of rebirth. But yes, it is lower than a slug.

Answer 2

Buddhism isn't into "punishment" as the Abrahamic religions. In those religions sin or wrong doing generally leads judgement and to eternal torment with no escape in the afterlife. In Buddhism each life cycle of death and rebirth leads to another learning opportunity to find the way to run your life better. As is stated in the Four Noble Truths, all life is associated with suffering (in the sense of unsatisfactory outcomes), this is caused by desire and unskillful actions of all sorts. As consequence the result (not the punishment) of desire is an unsatisfactory life and a need to continue in the ongoing series of reincarnations.