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The Commonwealth v. Hunt case of 1842 was a legal judgment issued by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. The court case was on the subject of labor unions.

Before the case, the formation of labor unions was strictly prohibited, and those that did could be charged with conspiracy. However, in March of 1842, Chief Justice Lemuel Shaw ruled that labor unions were legal organizations that retained the right to form a strike under the United States Constitution as long as the processes were non-violent and did not disrupt the rights of those around them.

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Though judges throughout the decade would become more anti-union, Commonwealth v. Hunt served as a legitimizer for trade unions.


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In Commonwealth v. Hunt, the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court ruled in 1842 that that labor combinations (labor unions) were legal provided that they were organized for a legal purpose and used legal means to achieve their goals. Prior to that the legality of such organizations was uncertain.


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Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842) affirmed the legality of peaceful unions and the right to strike in the United States. This decision helped strengthen the labor movement by giving workers more power to negotiate for better working conditions and higher wages. It marked a significant step towards improving the lives of workers by allowing them to organize collectively to advocate for their rights.


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