a bit synchronizer is a ckt which made at the receiver end at that time when a bit interval end and next starts.
nibble is in electronic equal 4 bit nibble=4bit
Breaking transmitted bit streams into frames is a process used in data communication to organize and manage data efficiently. Each frame contains a header, payload, and trailer, which facilitate error detection, synchronization, and flow control. This framing enables the receiver to recognize the start and end of each data segment, improving data integrity and enabling better handling of variable-length messages. By segmenting the data, it also allows for easier retransmission in case of errors, enhancing overall network reliability.
Synchronous optical network (SONET)
Just as electric cable transmits electric line power from the transmission center to receiving station so the data cable in digital communication transmits the encoded binary digits from a digital transmission system to a digital receiving system.
A flip-flop is used to store one bit data. If we want to store 2 bit data then we require 2 flip-flops. If we want to store n bit data then we require n flip-flops. Thus , a number of flip-flops which stores n bit data is called as register.
Synchronization is crucial in communication as it ensures that all parties involved are aligned in time and context, reducing misunderstandings and enhancing clarity. It helps coordinate the flow of information, enabling seamless exchanges and timely responses. In digital communications, synchronization also minimizes data loss and errors, improving overall efficiency and effectiveness in conveying messages. Without proper synchronization, communication can become chaotic and ineffective.
Disadvantage of Analog Communication: 1)Analog Communication systems are costlier than digital communication system. 2)Less Security in Analog Communication 3)More prone to noise interference. Advantage of Analog Communication: 1)Transmission bandwidth required is less. 2)No need of synchronization. Advantage of Digital Communication: 1)Digital Communication systems are simpler and cheaper. 2)Using data encryption only permitted user are allowed to detect the transmitted data. 3)Since in Digital Communication, channel coding is used, therefore a large amount of errors may be detected 4)Since transmitted signal is digital in nature,large amount of noise tolerance may be tolerated Disadvantage of Digital Communication: 1)More transmission bandwidth required. 2)Digital Communication needs synchronization in case of synchronous modulation.
synchronization between the multiplexer and demultiplexer is a major issue in data transmission. if the multiplexer and demultiplexer are out of synchronization a bit belonging to one channel may be received by the wrong channel. for dis reason , one or more synchronization bits are usually added to the beginning of each frame. these bits, called framing bit , follow a pattern, frame to frame, that allow the demultiplexer to syncronize with the incoming steam so that it can separate the time slots accurately. in most cases, this syncronization information consists of one bit
David Kinniment has written: 'Synchronization and arbitration in digital systems' -- subject(s): Design and construction, Synchronization, Timing circuits, Digital integrated circuits
Umberto Mengali has written: 'Synchronization techniques for digital receivers' -- subject(s): Digital communications, Equipment and supplies, Synchronization, Timing circuits, Design and construction
M. Nesenbergs has written: 'Mean synchronization times for ATM cells' -- subject(s): Broadband communication systems, Integrated services digital networks
because it's digital communication.
Carrier synchronization is a process used in communication systems to ensure that the transmitter and receiver operate at the same frequency and phase. It is crucial for the accurate demodulation of signals, particularly in systems that use modulated carriers, such as in radio and digital communications. Effective carrier synchronization minimizes errors and improves the quality of the received signal by aligning the timing of the received signal with the local oscillator at the receiver. Techniques such as phase-locked loops (PLLs) are commonly employed to achieve this synchronization.
asynchronous
Provides synchronization
Bluetooth
Framing bit is a common practice in telecommunication. Framing bit is a bit that precedes a T1 or J1 frame. It is used for the purpose of synchronization of the incoming data with the receiver.