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The word 'Township' is used in South Africa to indicate large high density suburbs built by the government to house poorer and black South Africans. Initially built by the 'Apartheid' government to house black workers, they are still being extended by the current government to deal with the huge demand for formal housing in the country.

In general the houses are separate, in their own garden area, but very small. Typically they have two to four rooms and are about the size of a two car garage. The fittings are rudimentary. Steel frame windows, metal doors and no ceilings under a corrugated iron or fibre-cement sheet roof. Indoor water and sanitation (toilets) are sometimes provided, but in many cases the only water is a public tap in the street shared by many families.

Most townships now have electricity provided to the houses, if the house owners can afford the initial connection fees. Electricity is often subsidized, with an initial essential amount (lifeline tariff) being provided for free.

Townships attract many poor people who are not so fortunate as to own a state built house. These people are accommodated in backyard shacks behind the state built houses, and the house owners earn rental money from the shack residents.

The state houses are allocated on a first-come, first served basis, except in emergencies. The waiting period can be long, sometimes 15 years, as the population grows faster through births, urbanization and Immigration than the new houses are built.

Foreigners, eg. legally resident refugees from Zimbabwe, Congo, Somalia, and illegally resident 'undocumented migrants' from Mozambique, Angola, Malawi are never allocated state houses so have to live in shacks.

Some shack dwellers have been known to create emergencies, for example by burning down their shacks, to advance their place on the allocation list.

South African townships represent the proportionally largest state funded housing scheme outside of the old USSR. The quality of the houses is not high, but the quantity provided cannot be faulted.

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12y ago
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13y ago

Soweto, which is just southeast of Johannesburg's downtown city.

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The Northern Cape, 372,889 square kilometers

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botshabelo, near bloemfontein

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Northern Cape

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