What is the martial art used in Casino Royale and Bourne Ultimatum to propel characters off walls and into buildings?

Answer 1

The type of fighting used was "kali" also know as Filipino Martial Arts. This is especially true for Bourne but was used to a point in Casino Royale.Kali/FMA is very old (much older than most Asian Martial Arts) and is in fact not a martial art, but is instead a fighting system. Martial arts incorporate aspects into them that serve no specific purpose when pertaining to a fight. Everything is used for a fight in Kali. It is also the only martial art that starts trainees off with a weapon at first and then you work to open hand. All others start open handed and work towards a weapon. FMA does this because it is easier to learn how to improvise and fight with an open hand after one has leaned to use a weapon, than to fight with a weapon if one has not had any training for it. The weapon is an extension of your body. Lastly, FMA came into ist final form with the spanish invasion of the filipines, but has in fact been around since around the year 200 A.D. and has only changed and become more lethal (now incorporating the use of knives and swords as well as sticks and the body).

As for the running scene, the type used was not parkour but was actually called "Free Running." It was developed by Sébastien Foucan and incorporates aspects of Parkour. The difference is that parkour is meant to get a person from one area to the next, as efficient as possible. Free Running is instead meant to get a person from one area to the next in the most aesthetically pleasing way. That is why you see things such as "vaults" used in CR and in Bourne Ultimatum. Wikipedia either one and you will see the difference.

AikidoA variant of Aikido , I think?

It is pure physical ability, not a specific martial art. Individuals that study martial arts improve their strength and flexibility, often allowing them to do things that seem well beyond the typical human's abilities.

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If you are talking about in the beginning scene of Casino Royale where Bond is chasing the guy all the way to the embassy, the guy is doing parkour. Its not really a martial art, as martial arts is for self defence. Parkour is the ability of getting or moving yourself from point A to point B as quickly and as efficiently as possible. Theres lots of websites out there that will teach you about parkour, instruct you on how to do it, and show you it in action.