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A consequence of the Second Punic war and the enslavement of 50,000 Carthaginians when Rome destroyed Carthage in the Third Punic War (146 BC) and of 150,000 Epirotes after the Third Macedonian War (168 BC) was that many small farmers lost their land.
The Roman army was a levy of small farmers who returned to their farms after a military campaigning season. Prolonged military service beyond a single campaigning season in the Second Punic War caused many of these farmers to have to neglect their farms. The owners of large landed estates took advantage of this to buy land on the cheap. The flood of slaves on the slave market in Rome provided these large landowners with an ample supply of labour. The greater number of slaves were bought by them. Abundant salve labour made the expansion of their estates easier. As a result, many small farmers lost their land. This had two ramifications. One was that the dispossessed farmers flocked to Rome to eke out a living, swelling the masses on unemployed or underemployed poor. The other were shortages of recruits for the army because soldiers had to own land. These problems were tackled by Tiberius Gracchus who introduced a land reform to redistribute land to the landless poor (133 BC) and Gaius Gracchus, who in 122 BC introduced a grain dole in which the state distributed grain to the poor at subsidised prices (later it was given for free). The land reform was insufficient. Eventually, in 107 BC Gaius Marius abolished the property threshold for the military levy, made joining the army voluntary and open to the landless poor to overcome the mentioned shortages. The poor flocked to the army for a career, a pay and the grant of a plot of land to farm on discharge.
Another problem was in Spain. After the Romans defeated the Carthaginians in Spain during the Second Punic War they took over their territories in the south and much of the east coast. After the war Rome decided to remain in Spain and created two Roman provinces there. This caused continuous resistance against the Roman presence in Spain by the local tribes. The Romans had to fight countless battles and lost many thousands of men. Because of this many soldiers stayed in Spain for six years and after this they had to be resettled. The high death toll also made many young men reluctant to join the levy. At times they found excuses to Dodge it. This made the recruitment shortages worse.
Wiki User
∙ 7y ago
Wiki User
∙ 6y agoIt moved progressively down the Italian Peninsula to Sicily, where Carthage was establishing control.
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Who fought for over 100 year between Rome and Carthage?
Rome and Carthage.
Rome had several wars with Carthage What were they fighting over?
Both Carthage and Rome fought over Sicily but the two rivals sought hegemony throughout the western Mediterranean for commercial interests .
What was the name of the large island Rome and Carthage fought over?
Sicily
How did Rome overthrow Carthage?
They destroyed it. With their superior citizen legions and updated navy, Rome decided to end the existence of Carthage. Carthage had trouble also with their mercenary military over pay issues. Rome was also fearful of a resurgent Carthage and jealous, to a degree, of its commercial successes. So from 149-146 BC Rome leveled the city-state of Carthage.
What island did rome and Carthage fight over?
The first of the three Punic Wars fought by Rome and Carthage was over the control of Sicily.
Did the Roman Empire have all of Spain because I read that Carthage had some of it as well so when did they gain it and how?
Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.Yes, Carthage did have Spain, but had to give it over to Rome after the Punic wars.
Who fought for over 100 year between Rome and Carthage?
Rome and Carthage.
What did Rome gain in the second punic war?
Control over the navy of Carthage, and control the trade of carthage. And Carthage lost lots of money to Rome.
What is the city that rome fought in the Punic Wars?
Rome and Carthage.
In the peace treaty between Rome and Carthage how much did Carthage have to pay Rome?
3,200 talents of silver over ten years
What problems did ancient Romans face?
Ancient Rome had a great number of problems over the 1,200 years of history. The nature of these problems kept changing over time as Rome's situation changed enormously.
Island fought over by rome and Carthage in the punic wars?
No island was found by Carthage and Rome. The first Punic War, the first of the tree wars fought between Rome and Carthage, was over the control of Sicily.
Why was it significant when Rome won the Punic war?
Rome won three Punic Wars. In the first one she took over Carthage's territories in western Sicily. While Carthage was busy dealing with a rebellion after the war ended, Rome took advantage of this to seize Corsica and Sardinia, which were Carthaginian possessions. In the Second war, Rome took over Carthage's newly acquired territories in Southerner Spain. The Numidians, Carthage's neighbours switched their allegiance to Rome. Rome imposed heavy terms on Carthage in the peace treaty. Rome gained control over the western basin of the Mediterranean. Rome fought the third war because she wanted to destroy Carthage.
Rome had several wars with Carthage What were they fighting over?
Both Carthage and Rome fought over Sicily but the two rivals sought hegemony throughout the western Mediterranean for commercial interests .
Rome lies in what direction from Carthage?
Rome lies north and east from Carthage. When Hannibal attacked Rome, he actually took his troops over the Alps in northern Italy and came in from the north.
Who did he Romans battle in the Punic wars and why?
Carthage - both Rome and Carthage sought commercial control over the Mediterranean .
How did Rome benefit from its victory over Carthage?
Rome achieved hegemony over the western Mediterranean sea and the surrounding areas .
