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Carthage used a species of elephant called the North African Elephant (Loxodonta africana pharaoensis) as war elephants against the Romans in the Punic Wars.

They were a bit smaller than the existing African bush elephants, which made them a little bit faster. They were also used as war elephants by the Ancient Egyptians against the Seleucid Empire.

The North African elephant is now extinct and has been since around 100AD. Fossils of this elephant are rare to find, we have mostly learnt of their existence through Roman writings and several archaeologically recovered Roman bronze statues of them.

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Q: What species of elephant did Carthage use in war against the Romans and is it endangered today?
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