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Orbiting bodies travel faster at the closest point of approach to the primary. Planets and comets travel fastest at perihelion, the closest point of approach to the Sun.

With comets, it's really obvious; Halley's Comet, for example, orbits between close the Venus to beyond Neptune. In its 76-year orbit, it spends about 3 years inside the orbit of Jupiter, and 73 years beyond it.

Same with Earth and the other planets, although the eccentricity of Earth's orbit is only about 3%. So the difference between "fast at perihelion" and "slow at aphelion" isn't very much.

The Earth reaches perihelion in January, so that's when it is moving fastest. If the people in Australia wanted to brag about how their summers are hotter than ours in the Northern Hemisphere because they're closer to the Sun during their summer, they would have a very good point!

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14y ago
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14y ago

Because the Earths orbit isn't a perfect circle (it is slightly elliptical) its orbit speed varies. Earths perihelion (when it's closest to the sun) occurs in early January (around the 3rd) which is when its orbital speed is the greatest.

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13y ago

It orbited slower in the past because the bigger a thing is, the stronger the gravity and the Sun is getting smaller so the gravitational pull of the Sun on Earth is weaker thus allowing the Earth to spin faster.

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13y ago

The earth has its highest orbital speed when it is nearest the sun.

That occurs in the first day or two of January.

The earth has its lowest orbital speed when it is farthest from the sun.

That occurs in early July.

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Q: What time of the year does the earth orbit faster around the sun?
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