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How do high temperatures and pressures cause fossils to change into minerals or rocks to change their nature?
The changes take place because of recrystallization or realignment of existing minerals, or creation of minerals from existing assemblages that that can only be formed under certain specific ranges of temperature or pressure.
Why are some minerals stable several kilometers underground but unstable at Earths surface?
This is because the minerals are no longer under P + T and as a result are more unstable
What rock formed from high pressure with bands of minerals?
Foliated metamoprhic rocks such as gneiss form under high pressure conditions and contain bands of minerals (foliation).
What is the crystal system of schist?
Schist typically belongs to the metamorphic category of minerals and does not have a specific crystal system since it is a foliated rock composed mainly of micaceous minerals. However, the individual minerals within schist, such as muscovite and biotite, usually belong to the monoclinic or hexagonal crystal systems. The foliation in schist is a result of the alignment of these plate-like minerals under directed pressure and temperature conditions during metamorphism.
Is magma a example of a mineral that indicates that a metamorphic rock was formed in a great depth and under a extreme heat and pressure?
No, magma itself is not a mineral; it is a molten rock that can crystallize to form igneous rocks. Metamorphic rocks, on the other hand, form from existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks) under extreme heat and pressure, typically deep within the Earth. The presence of certain minerals, such as garnet or kyanite, can indicate the conditions of high pressure and temperature during metamorphism.
What can melt rocks without changing temperature when their confining pressure?
The process of partial melting can occur in rocks under high confining pressure, where the minerals in the rock start to melt without the overall temperature changing. This happens because the pressure lowers the melting point of the minerals. The supercritical fluids in Earth's mantle can also cause rocks to melt without a change in temperature under the high pressure conditions.
Why are minerals that form below Earth's surface unstable at Earth's surface?
Minerals that form below Earth's surface are unstable at the surface because they are often formed under high pressure and temperature conditions, which are different from the lower pressure and temperature conditions found at the surface. As a result, these minerals can undergo chemical reactions or physical changes when exposed to the new environmental conditions at the surface, causing them to break down or transform into more stable minerals.
What state is glucose under standard conditions?
Glucose exists as a solid at standard conditions since it is a stable molecule at room temperature and pressure.
What minerals are in the upper mantle?
The upper mantle is mainly composed of minerals such as olivine, pyroxene, and garnet. These minerals form under high temperature and pressure conditions in the Earth's interior, contributing to the solid composition of the upper mantle.
What happen to minerals when rocks becomes a metamorphic rocks?
Metamorphic rocks are created from rocks that are deformed by tectonic forces and/or are brought to temperature that are much different from those that they were first formed in (usually hotter). The effect of increased temperature is the growth of minerals from others that are no longer stable under the changed pressure and temperature conditions (e.g. diamond is formed from graphite under very high pressure and garnet growths at high temperatures and pressures from aluminium rich usually sedimentary rocks). The effect of shear stress on the rock (i.e. directed force creating not only compression but also deformation) is the change of shape of minerals as well as rotation and alignment of platy minerals into bands. These processes lead to the usually banded appearance of metamorphic rocks.
Why the mineral of a metamorphic rock usually different from the protolith?
Remineralization can occur because of an exchange of fluids or because the squeezing out of fluids by pressure and heat create an environment where hydrous minerals cannot exist and are replaced with non-hydrous minerals.
Which gas can be liquefied under pressure at ordinary temperature?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) can be liquefied under pressure at ordinary temperature.
Does an increase in pressure make magma cool?
Pressure does not change the temperature of rocks, but it does change the melting point. A rock that is under a lot of pressure, even if it is very hot, will stay solid, even if that same rock at the same temperature under lower pressure would be melted. This happens because intense pressure can hold the structure of the minerals together more easily, in a more solid form.So, with an increase in pressure, the melting point of a rock also increases.
What do diamonds share with all minerals?
Diamonds share the property of being a naturally occurring crystalline solid with a definite chemical composition, as all minerals have. Additionally, diamonds are formed in the Earth's mantle under high pressure and temperature, which is a common process for many minerals.
Index minerals allow a scientist 2 understand the history of metamorphic rock?
Yes! since index minerals form at specific pressure and temperature conditions hence when they are encountered or observed in a certain metamorphic rock they serve to indicate the condition by which the rock formed.They can tell whether it is a high grade or low grade metamorphism.e.g Andalusite mineral indicate high grade metamorphism associated with high temperature.
What b do minerals sometimes form in metamorphic rock?
Minerals in metamorphic rocks can form due to changes in temperature and pressure, which cause existing minerals to recrystallize or new minerals to grow. The specific minerals formed depend on the original composition of the rock and the conditions under which the metamorphic process occurred.
What is The location marked by the black rectangle is characterized by high temperature and pressure What rock type would mostly form in this location?
The location marked by the black rectangle, characterized by high temperature and pressure, is likely associated with metamorphic environments, such as those found in subduction zones or deep crustal regions. In these conditions, existing rocks (often sedimentary or igneous) undergo metamorphism, leading to the formation of metamorphic rocks like schist or gneiss. These rocks typically exhibit foliation and are composed of minerals that are stable under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
