The solstices occur at the same time around the world, but what one hemisphere calls the summer solstice the other hemisphere calls the winter solstice, and vice versa, since the seasons are always opposite across the equator.
At the Summer Solstice; June 21st.
Summer potentially has the shortest solar shadows because the Sun is more directly overhead. (This would be around noon close to June 21 in the northern hemisphere - Summer solstice - and December 21 in the southern hemisphere - winter solstice).
If the Earth's axis were tilted at 45 degrees, the Sun would be directly overhead at the Tropic of Cancer (approximately 23.5° N) during the summer solstice, and at the Tropic of Capricorn (approximately 23.5° S) during the winter solstice. However, with a 45-degree tilt, the latitudes for direct overhead sunlight would shift to approximately 45° N during the summer solstice and 45° S during the winter solstice. This change would significantly alter global climate patterns and the distribution of sunlight throughout the year.
For the northern hemisphere that would be June the 21. June the 21 is the longest day from dawn to dusk and since there is only 24hr in a day it is logical that the evening of the 21st would be the shortest.
At the point where it's tilt is directly away from the sun, it would be the winter solstice for the northern hemisphere and the summer solstice for the southern hemisphere. This is around December 21st.
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There is no single answer to that, as it would depend on where in the world you are. Being the summer solstice, you would expect the weather to be quite good, but in some parts of the world the summer solstice might not be a good day in some years. It would differ from place to place and year to year.
At the Summer Solstice; June 21st.
solstice
That isn't possible. If you are at one of the tropics (23.5 degrees north or south of the equator), then the Sun will pass the zenith at noon, during a solstice. But in both cases (north versus south), that would happen at the SUMMER solstice.
They could see the length of shadows reaching a minimum each day, and the daily minimum would also have a yearly minimum, and that defines the summer solstice.
The summer solstice.
Spring and summer. The longest day is the solstice - which is the first day of summer.
At 50 degrees north latitude, you would experience approximately 16 to 18 hours of daylight on the summer solstice. The further north you go from the equator, the longer the daylight hours during the summer solstice due to the tilt of the Earth's axis.
At summer solstice (the first day of summer), an observer standing within the stone circle, looking north-east through the entrance, would see the sun rise above the heel stone.
It would be winter in Europe if it is summer in Australia. The seasons are opposite in the two hemispheres.
That would be the June 21 solstice, which northern Hemisphere refer to as the "Summer" solstice.