it is the thremosphere i am taking the apexvs text and i got it right
ionosphere
thermosphere-apex
The Ionosphere reflects longer radio waves back to Earth. It varies in height going up at night giving the waves a long distance bounce.Flat vertical walls. Better refraction will Non-ferous metals. Horizontal plan will distort the image of the wave.\ CIV
Radio signals at a frequency below 30 mHZ can bounce off the ionosphere and be reflected back to earth. This is often referred to as DX skip. Sometimes, sunlight will excite the ions enough to where there'll form more dense spots within the ionosphere. These can, at times, allow higher frequency transmissions to use the same DX skip, although frequencies higher than 30 mHZ will normally pass right through it.
Radio signals at frequencies up to roughly 40 to 60 MHz are absorbed or reflected from the ionosphere. At higher frequencies, the signals easily penetrate the ionosphere and continue on into space. This is the reason that AM radio (1 MHz) and "short-wave" broadcasts (4-13 MHz) are often received from great distances, but TV (54 MHz and up) and FM radio (100 MHz) are not.
ionosphere
ionosphere
thermosphere-apex
The Ionosphere reflects longer radio waves back to Earth. It varies in height going up at night giving the waves a long distance bounce.Flat vertical walls. Better refraction will Non-ferous metals. Horizontal plan will distort the image of the wave.\ CIV
Atmospheric bounce is a technique used by Amateur Radio operators - to increase the distance their signals travel. Some frequency bands in use by amateur radio enthusiasts have a limit on the amount of power their equipment can produce. This often restricts the distance their signals can travel (sometimes to just a few miles). By using atmospheric bounce, an operator can 'reflect' the radio signal off the upper atmosphere (like shining a torch on a mirror) and thus the range can be (often dramatically) increased.
Moon Bounce generally refers to shortwave radio transmission that is directed toward the Earth's moon, whether or not intentionally, and which is "bounced" off it's surface to return to Earth for reception. The propagation delay time between transmission and reception of the radio signal can be calculated using the speed of light and the known distance. Whereas, light travels approximately 186 thousand miles per second and the moon is approximately 239 thousand miles distant, it will therefore take a radio signal about 2.57 seconds to complete a journey from Earth to moon and back again (239,000 X 2 / 186,000).
The ionosphere plays a crucial role in long-distance radio communication by reflecting and refracting radio waves back to Earth. This layer of the atmosphere, located about 30 to 1,000 miles above the Earth's surface, contains charged particles that can bounce signals, allowing for transmission over vast distances, often beyond the horizon. It is particularly important for shortwave radio, amateur radio, and some forms of satellite communication. Additionally, the ionosphere can affect GPS signals and other forms of wireless communication.
The titles are often omitted in the heading of a memo because the should be proper spacing in the paragraphs.
Both "heading to" and "heading for" are correct, but they are used in slightly different contexts. "Heading to" typically refers to a specific destination, such as a place or event (e.g., "I'm heading to the store"). In contrast, "heading for" often implies a more general direction or goal, sometimes with an implication of inevitability (e.g., "We're heading for trouble").
Radio waves are often referred to as space waves because they have the ability to move through space. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation.
Yes, as often happens for both parties, there is a bounce after a convention. This refers to a boost in the candidate's poll numbers. The president definitely got a bounce after the Democratic convention.
When a person says their hair has no bounce, they are referring to their hair being flat. Persons with straight hair often complain of this as straight hair is often flat.