What is Bach's most famous symphony?

Answer 1

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The answer above, given previously, is very incomplete, because the question does not specify WHICH Bach is intended. Johann Sebastian Bach did not write any symphonies as the word is used today, though he often employed the term "sinfonia" (Italian for "symphony") to refer to introductory movements (like overtures, also called "sinfonia" in the early 18th century).

But his son Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach wrote a number of symphonies, both in Berlin, where he worked in the early part of his career, and later in Hamburg, where he spent his last decades. Still, it would be difficult to name his most "famous" symphony because relatively few of them are known today, except to specialists or fans of early Classical Music. Still, they are imaginative works and deserve regular hearings. If we go by the number of recordings available, the most easily accessible of CPE Bach's symphonies are the six identified in the old Wotquenne catalogue as Wq 182, which is the identification most often found with the recordings, though there is now a more complete cataloguing by Helm.

Further answer:

Other Bachs also wrote symphonies - not just CPE.

Answer 2

The symphony was not invented until after Bach's death.