Bass
Bass trombone
A baritone horn looks somewhat like a miniaturized tuba. A bass trombone is still a trombone, but slightly larger. It also has an F trigger, which opens up more tubing near the bell of the trombone and changes the note. This allows players to reach the range from a low E flat to a low B, which is physically impossible on a tenor trombone. Some bass trombones also include another trigger, G flat, which can be opened separately or in combination with the F trigger.
Usually the Trombone, Baritone, Euphonium, Tuba, Bass Clarinet, Baritone Sax all play in bass clef.
I would not consider the regular "tenor trombone" to be a scholarship instrument. However, instruments such as the alto and bass trombone are more likely choices as "scholarship instruments.". If you play tenor now, bass wouldn't be too difficult to learn. Euphonium is an alternative that is more like a tenor trombone. Source(s) 7 years of playing tenor trombone, 2 years of doubling on Euphonium, Bass Trombone, & Tuba.
Trombone. Or, since you specified bass a bass trombone.
A bigger trombone is usually a bass trombone.
Obviously the smaller tenor trombone would have room to spare inside a bass bag.
The bass trombone is typically played in the key of Bb.
Bass
Bass trombone
A baritone horn looks somewhat like a miniaturized tuba. A bass trombone is still a trombone, but slightly larger. It also has an F trigger, which opens up more tubing near the bell of the trombone and changes the note. This allows players to reach the range from a low E flat to a low B, which is physically impossible on a tenor trombone. Some bass trombones also include another trigger, G flat, which can be opened separately or in combination with the F trigger.
Usually the Trombone, Baritone, Euphonium, Tuba, Bass Clarinet, Baritone Sax all play in bass clef.
I would not consider the regular "tenor trombone" to be a scholarship instrument. However, instruments such as the alto and bass trombone are more likely choices as "scholarship instruments.". If you play tenor now, bass wouldn't be too difficult to learn. Euphonium is an alternative that is more like a tenor trombone. Source(s) 7 years of playing tenor trombone, 2 years of doubling on Euphonium, Bass Trombone, & Tuba.
No, not a full octave, but it does have a lower range than a tenor trombone.
A tuba.
The trombone mouthpiece is exactly the same as an euphonium one. You may also (with difficulty) manage to play a Bass Trombone or Tuba with a tenor trombone mute