ionosphere
The ionosphere - specifically the e-layer
The atmospheric layer that refracts (bends) radio signals is called the ionosphere. The radio waves are reflected a little, as you say, but are mostly refracted, that is, bent, back to earth. Happenss in the daytime, too, but too little to be useful in most cases. By the way, it is a similar process that messes up GPS locator precision.
It is simply done like how your light-bulb works. charged particles(negative) attract positive particles and together they heat up. a good book to get more information on is BC Science probe 6.
Electric charge! The drum is coated with a photo-conductive layer, whose electrical resistance changes when exposed to light. In the old days this was based on selenium, but nowadays it uses an organic plastic compound. First the drum is electrically charged using a 'corona wire' - a very fine wire grid at high voltage. Then a laser (or, these days, an LED array) is used to expose the 'white' areas, causing electric charge to leach away in those areas. Next toner (which is itself tumbled to build up an electric charge) is brushed over the drum, so that it sticks only to the electrically charged ('black') areas on the drum. It's then a simple matter to get the toner off the drum and onto the paper. Finally the drum is cleaned with a brush and/or wiper blade, and electrically discharged using a 'quench' lamp before the whole process starts again.
A radio galaxy is anactive galaxy that is very luminous at radio wavelengths (between 10 MHz and 100 GHz). The radio emission is due to the "synchrotron process" which is caused by the acceleration of charged particles, near the speed of light) through magnetic fields.
Comes from electrically charged particles in the clouds. They get charged by bouncing off of one another and then when the charge overflows it makes lightning.
yes ions are electrically charged particles in the troposphere
ions are electrically charged particles
Yes, some liquids have electrically charged particles, such as salt water.
Ions
The Answer is...... IONOSPHERE
electric current
The Ionosphere
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... electrically charged.
yes
A compound composed of charged particles is called an ionic compound. An atom that has become electrically charged is called an ion.