The Classical period is often referred to as the "age of realization" because it marked a significant shift in human thought, emphasizing reason, individualism, and a deeper understanding of the natural world. This era saw the flourishing of philosophy, art, and science, as thinkers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle sought to explore and explain human existence and the universe. Additionally, the emphasis on empirical observation and rational inquiry laid the groundwork for future advancements in various fields, making it a pivotal time in the development of Western civilization.
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there are two main usage of the term, "classical". first,it is a term that denotes historical period of development. In music and other branches of arts, this period implies the general characteristics of harmony, balance, simplicity and elegance, which took place from 1750 to 1800. among the famous composers of the classical period were Mozart and Haydn. The second usage the one that refers to the name of the musical genre - classical music, that covers a very wide range of musical styles and period, whether baroque, classical, or romantic, with a general impression of elegance, grandeur and majesty. Therefore, every musical work that is written especially on the common practice era, 1600-1900, can be classified as classical. although medieval chants and rennaissance motets like that of Da Pallestrina can also appear in the classical music genre, there is still no justification of confusion, because they are still one of the fore fathers and great foundations of musical development aside from what have been mentioned above. In other words, in order for a composition to be classified as classical, they must posses any or whole of the following classical characteristics mentioned above, second, they must be written between 1600-1900, third, must be one of the musical styles where our present and contemporary and pop music forms of the modern day, evolved and lastly, must be sacred in nature, because, generally sacred music always fall on the classical category. the term classical also denotes zenith and golden age, so in a historical perspective, classical era is used! for example, the period of enlightenment during the early baroque period is also termed as classical revival, whereas, it is the golden age of reasoning! now, the difference between classical Greek and Roman is their origin. obviously, classical style with a greek origin can be called as classical Greek and for Rome, classical roman.
Historians refer to the time period between the Classical Age and the Modern Era as the Middle Ages or Medieval Period. This era, which lasted roughly from the 5th to the late 15th century, is characterized by the rise of feudalism, the spread of Christianity, and significant cultural and political changes in Europe. It is often divided into early, high, and late Middle Ages, each marked by distinct developments in society, economy, and culture.
Beethoven began composing during the latter part of the Classical period, and he provided the transition into the early phase of the Romantic period.
The era that comes after the post-classical period is the Early Modern period. This era typically spans from the late 15th century to the late 18th century and is characterized by significant developments such as the Renaissance, the Age of Exploration, and the beginnings of the Scientific Revolution. It marked a transition towards modernity, with profound changes in arts, sciences, and societal structures.
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The Age of Enlightenment overlapped with the Baroque period but is usually associated with the transition to the Classical period in music and the arts. The Classical period followed the Baroque period and emphasized clarity, balance, and order in contrast to the ornate and emotional style of the Baroque.
The classical period was called the Age of Enlightenment because it was characterized by a focus on reason, science, and individual rights. Thinkers during this time emphasized the importance of human reason and rationality in understanding the world, leading to significant advancements in areas like philosophy, politics, and the arts.
The Golden Age of Greece
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Classical antiquity (or classical era, period, age) refers to a period of cultural history centered on the Mediterranean Sea, when the Romans held this seas and were deeply influenced by Greek civilisation, forming the so-called Greco-Roman world. With regard to the culture, art and architecture of the Greeks, this was part of the Hellenistic period.
This is when there was a surge in cultural and scientific advances.
The Classical Age of Greece begins with the Persian War (490-479 B.C.) and ends with the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.). Besides war and conquest, in this period of Ancient Greece, the Greeks produced great literature, poetry, philosophy, drama, and art. Classical Greece includes the period known as the Age of Pericles.
The Devonian Period
Chandra Gupta Maurya's period is called as Golden Age of Guptas.
The cretaceous period.
The Cretaceous period.