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What is the difference between positive gram and negative gram?
The major difference between gram positive and the gram negative bacteria is the structure of their cell wall. The gram positive bacteria have two layers a plasma membrane and outer to it a peptidoglycan layer. But the gram negative bacteria have another layer other than the cell wall. While the gram negative bacteria has three layers. It has a plasma membrane that is called as the inner membrane, then a peptidoglycan layer and finally an outer membrane of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides. There is space between the inner membrane and the peptidoglycan layer called as the periplasmic space. Peptidoclycan layer in the gram positive bacteria are much more thicker than that of the gram negative bacteria. The molecule teichoic acid is present in gram positive bacteria and the porin proteins are characteristically present in the gram negative bacteria. Gram positive bacteria usually produce exotoxins and the gram negative bacteria usually produces endotoxins. Gram positive bacteria gives Violet colour to the gram staining and the gram negative bacteria gives pink colour to the gram staining. In gram staining the bacteria is fixed on slides and then they are treated with Crystal Violet. After that they are treated with iodine and then they are decolourised. If the bacteria is gram negative then it shows Violet colour and if it is gram negative then it shows pink colour. Initially both strains show Violet colour after Crystal Violet treatment but on the treatment with iodine and decolourisation the gram negative bacteria loose colour and become pink. This is because in the gram positive bacteria the Violet crystals bind firmly to the peptidoglycan layer and the colour is not removed in later stages. In gram positive bacteria the colour does not penetrate much because of outer membrane and is lost much during decolourisation.
Is biuret test positive or negative control?
The biuret test is primarily used to detect the presence of proteins in a sample. A positive control would be a solution known to contain proteins, which should yield a violet color when subjected to the test, indicating a positive result. A negative control, on the other hand, would be a solution without proteins, which should remain blue, indicating a negative result. Thus, the test can use both positive and negative controls for validation.
What is the importance of gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
Typical gram-positive bacteria are those staphylococci that produce boils; typical gram-negative bacteria are the bacilli that cause whooping cough; typical gram-variable bacteria are the bacilli that cause tuberculosis.
Does anabolism create a positive or negative nitrogen balance?
Anabolism creates positive nitrogen balance. That means sort of body building. Catabolism creates negative nitrogen balance. That means loss of proteins from your body.
Why gram negative bacteria more resistant to antibiotics?
Gram-negative bacteria have an outer membrane made of lipopolysaccharide and proteins, which the Gram-positive bacteria are lacking. More multi-drug resistance is being recognized in this class of bacteria than previously, and they are becoming a formidable foe in the environment because of the lack of new antibiotics to treat infections.
What is the difference between gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria?
Gram was a scientist who invented a technique called Gram staining by which bacteria can be colorized and divided into two groups.Gram positiveappearance: blue to transfer to purpleStructure: Have thick layer of peptidoglycan over inner cytoplasmic membrane.They lack LPS-lipopolysaccharides.Gram negativeappearance: pink to transfer to redStructure: In gram negative bacteria the peptidoglycan layer is thinner and is located between space of the outer and inner cytoplasmic membrane.The cell wall contains LPS, which make them virulent.
What is the difference between positive gram and negative gram?
The major difference between gram positive and the gram negative bacteria is the structure of their cell wall. The gram positive bacteria have two layers a plasma membrane and outer to it a peptidoglycan layer. But the gram negative bacteria have another layer other than the cell wall. While the gram negative bacteria has three layers. It has a plasma membrane that is called as the inner membrane, then a peptidoglycan layer and finally an outer membrane of phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides. There is space between the inner membrane and the peptidoglycan layer called as the periplasmic space. Peptidoclycan layer in the gram positive bacteria are much more thicker than that of the gram negative bacteria. The molecule teichoic acid is present in gram positive bacteria and the porin proteins are characteristically present in the gram negative bacteria. Gram positive bacteria usually produce exotoxins and the gram negative bacteria usually produces endotoxins. Gram positive bacteria gives Violet colour to the gram staining and the gram negative bacteria gives pink colour to the gram staining. In gram staining the bacteria is fixed on slides and then they are treated with Crystal Violet. After that they are treated with iodine and then they are decolourised. If the bacteria is gram negative then it shows Violet colour and if it is gram negative then it shows pink colour. Initially both strains show Violet colour after Crystal Violet treatment but on the treatment with iodine and decolourisation the gram negative bacteria loose colour and become pink. This is because in the gram positive bacteria the Violet crystals bind firmly to the peptidoglycan layer and the colour is not removed in later stages. In gram positive bacteria the colour does not penetrate much because of outer membrane and is lost much during decolourisation.
What is the mode of action of cepdoxime?
Cefpodoxime is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It achieves this by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, disrupting the cross-linking of peptidoglycan layers. This leads to cell lysis and ultimately the death of susceptible bacteria. Cefpodoxime is particularly effective against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Is biuret test positive or negative control?
The biuret test is primarily used to detect the presence of proteins in a sample. A positive control would be a solution known to contain proteins, which should yield a violet color when subjected to the test, indicating a positive result. A negative control, on the other hand, would be a solution without proteins, which should remain blue, indicating a negative result. Thus, the test can use both positive and negative controls for validation.
What is the mechanism of action of ceftriaxol medication?
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, disrupting the cross-linking of peptidoglycan, which is essential for maintaining cell wall integrity. This leads to cell lysis and ultimately the death of the bacteria. Ceftriaxone is effective against a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
What is the importance of gram positive and gram negative bacteria?
Typical gram-positive bacteria are those staphylococci that produce boils; typical gram-negative bacteria are the bacilli that cause whooping cough; typical gram-variable bacteria are the bacilli that cause tuberculosis.
What is amox tr-k clv 875 MG?
it's amoxicillin 875mg and clauvulanic acid 125mg, aka Augmentin. the clauvulanic acid binds up bacterial penicillin binding proteins and allows the amoxicillin to work in most penicillin-resistant bacteria.
Do the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria enables many antimicrobial drugs to enter the cell more easily?
Yes, the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria contains porin proteins that allow certain antimicrobial drugs to penetrate the cell more easily compared to Gram-positive bacteria. This outer membrane acts as a barrier for some substances but can facilitate the entry of others through these porin channels.
What do you call a substances that posses the same number of positive and negative charge?
zwitter ion eg. proteins
Does anabolism create a positive or negative nitrogen balance?
Anabolism creates positive nitrogen balance. That means sort of body building. Catabolism creates negative nitrogen balance. That means loss of proteins from your body.
What does cefoxitin inhibit?
Cefoxitin is a cephalosporin antibiotic that primarily inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. It accomplishes this by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), which are essential for the cross-linking of peptidoglycan layers in the bacterial cell wall. This inhibition disrupts the integrity of the cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death, particularly in gram-negative bacteria. Cefoxitin is also effective against some anaerobic bacteria.
What is mode of action cefdinir?
Cefdinir is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, disrupting the peptidoglycan layer's formation, which ultimately leads to cell lysis and death. Cefdinir is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its mechanism of action is similar to that of other beta-lactam antibiotics.
