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Volcanic activity can certainly influence climate change. Big volcanoes release a considerable amount of particulate and H2S gas, which has a cooling effect. They also emit CO2, which over time has a cumulative warming effect in that it is a heat trapping gas. Currently there are between 1000 and 3000 active volcanoes on the earth. Humans emit more than 100 times their total combined output.

Continental movement is very slow. The Atlantic Ocean, for example, continues to open at a little under one inch per year. As sea floor is subducted beneath the western plate margins of the Americas, it pushes up the Andes, Sierra/Nevadas, and other coastal ranges. As these increase in size they cast a rain shadow over the western interior, decreasing rain fall. Many ancient lakes between the rockies and coastal ranges have completely dried up into alkaline playa over the past few million years. So crustal motion DOES play a role in climate, though only over geologic periods of time.

The first one mentioned is earth's position. Variations in orbital cycles have been the driving force behind the past series of glacial epochs. These variations are known as Milankovitch Cycles, and occur on hundred thousand year time scales.

Current climate change is not driven by any of the factors mentioned in this question, but instead primarily by human activity in the form of fossil fuel consumption. Humans currently release over 30 billion tons of heat trapping CO2 per year.

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