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The first climax was caused by pressurized water below the surface boiling and therefore needing to escape; this is called a phreatic explosion (if you want to be all technical and clever). Domes collapsed because lava domes form fairly slowly as magma moves through a vent and accumulates around it. These steep-sided structures can reach a height of hundreds of meters and may become unstable, especially given underlying seismic activity. When a lava dome collapses, the results can be dramatic, including pyroclastic flows and columns of volcanic ash.The Pyroclastic flows were caused by sedimentary rocks and volcanic rocks flowing down the banks after they had been heated (the "flow" can consist of debris and hot gases). The final eruption was because in the magma chamber the pressure of the magma got too hot and built up, it then got too hot to be down under the Earth's Crust and had to explode. Out of the Soufriere Hills there was no lava or magma bombs but there was ash and about 2km of plume in the air.

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