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DNA is divided into functional units called genes. A gene(def) is a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product (mRNA, tRNA, or rRNA). Since the vast majority of genes are transcribed into mRNA and mRNA is subsequently translated into polypeptides or proteins, most genes code for protein synthesis. The term polypeptide (def) refers to many amino acids (def) connected by peptide bonds (def). While all proteins are polypeptides, not all polypeptides are proteins. In some cases, smaller polypeptides coded for by two or more genes must be joined together to produce a functional protein. In other cases, as will be mentioned below, mRNA carries a transcript of several genes resulting in the synthesis of a large polypeptide that must subsequently be cleaved by enzymes called proteases into two or more smaller functional proteins. For simplicity, we will use the term proteinwhen referring to the end product of transcription and translation.
-sudarvizhi prashanth
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Which regions of DNA are transcribed to RNA and then translated to form a polypeptide?
The regions of DNA that are transcribed to RNA are called exons. These exons will then be spliced together to form messenger RNA (mRNA), which will be translated into a polypeptide. Introns are the non-coding regions of DNA that are removed during the splicing process and are not translated into protein.
Is DNA transcription the same as DNA replication?
No - they are different processes, although both use a DNA template. DNA transcription is the copying of DNA to create mRNA, which is then translated into a polypeptide (protein). DNA replication creates a new strand of DNA.
What is the DNA segment that carries information for building one protein or polypeptide chain called?
mRNA ( it is like DNA only it is one sided and the t is replaced with a u)
What is the different between recombinant DNA and non-recombinant DNA?
Recombinant DNA is created by combining DNA from different sources, such as different species, through techniques like genetic engineering. Non-recombinant DNA refers to DNA that has not been modified in this way and only contains genetic material naturally found in an organism.
What is DNA DNA hybridition?
DNA-DNA hybridization is a technique used to compare the genetic similarity between two species or individuals by measuring the degree of hybridization (or binding) between their DNA strands. This method involves heating DNA from different sources to separate the double strands, then cooling them to allow complementary sequences to re-associate and form hybrids. The more similar the DNA sequences are between two samples, the more hybrids will form, allowing researchers to determine the genetic relatedness between them.
What controls the order in which different kinds of amino acids follow one another during the production of a polypeptide chain?
DNA
The portion of a DNA molecule that describes a complete polypeptide chain is called a?
The portion of a DNA molecule that describes a complete polypeptide chain is called a gene. Genes are specific sequences of nucleotides that contain the instructions for making specific proteins during the process of protein synthesis.
What is an example of poplypeptide?
Meat is a polypeptide. Any string or group of 50 amino acids is a polypeptide this includes DNA or RNA as well as many enzymes.
Do polypeptide bonds hold nitrogen bases together?
The nitrogen bases, adenine, uracil, guanine, thymine and cytosine are joined to each other via phosphodiester bonds. Hydrogen bonds hold the nitrogen bases in complementary DNA and RNA strands. Polypeptide bonds are formed between an amide and ketone, and these join amino acids in proteins. However, they do not hold nitrogen bases together.
Where is blueprint for the polypeptide chain that is insulin found?
The blueprint for the polypeptide chain of insulin is found in the DNA, specifically within the gene responsible for encoding insulin. This gene is located in the nucleus of the cell. The genetic information in the DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA, which then serves as the template for protein synthesis.
Are there any difference appearance between DNA from different cell?
No, there is no difference in appearance between DNA from different cells. DNA is a molecule that has a uniform structure regardless of the cell type it is found in. The only differences in DNA between cells come from variations in the sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA.
Which regions of DNA are transcribed to RNA and then translated to form a polypeptide?
The regions of DNA that are transcribed to RNA are called exons. These exons will then be spliced together to form messenger RNA (mRNA), which will be translated into a polypeptide. Introns are the non-coding regions of DNA that are removed during the splicing process and are not translated into protein.
What r two basic steps of polypeptide synthesis?
The 2 basic steps of polypeptide synthesis are:Transcription - the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template. Only one strand of DNA is copied, and a single gene may be transcribed thousands of times.Translation - the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mature mRNA transcript produced during transcription. The ribosome attaches to mRNA, and then moves along the mRNA adding amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.
Is DNA transcription the same as DNA replication?
No - they are different processes, although both use a DNA template. DNA transcription is the copying of DNA to create mRNA, which is then translated into a polypeptide (protein). DNA replication creates a new strand of DNA.
What key ingredient is required in every step in the process of translating from DNA to mrna to trna into a polypeptide chain?
Translation
What is the DNA segment that carries information for building one protein or polypeptide chain called?
mRNA ( it is like DNA only it is one sided and the t is replaced with a u)
Hydrogen bonds between different parts of the polypeptide chain result in which level of protein structure?
Hydrogen bonds between different parts of the polypeptide chain contribute to the secondary structure of proteins, specifically in the formation of alpha helices and beta sheets. These secondary structures then further fold and interact to form the tertiary structure of the protein.
