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Selection occurs when the environment continually eliminates extremes at both ends of a range of phenotypes?
Selection refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their impact on survival and reproductive success. In this case, the environment acts as the selective pressure by favoring intermediate phenotypes and reducing the presence of extreme phenotypes. This can result in the gradual evolution of populations towards a more optimal range of phenotypic variations for survival and reproduction.
What type of selection may eliminate intermediate phenotypes?
Disruptive selection can eliminate intermediate phenotypes by favoring extreme phenotypes, leading to a bimodal distribution. This selection occurs when individuals with extreme traits have a higher fitness than those with intermediate traits, resulting in the reduction of the intermediate phenotype in the population.
How are selective breeding and natural selection similar?
Both selective breeding and natural selection involve the process of selecting specific traits to pass on to the next generation. In both cases, the environment plays a role in determining which traits are favored for survival and reproduction. The main difference is that selective breeding is a human-directed process, while natural selection occurs in the wild without human intervention.
Are natural selection and artificial selection opposites?
Natural selection and artificial selection are not opposites; rather, they are both mechanisms of selective breeding. Natural selection occurs in nature with environmental factors determining which traits are passed on to offspring, while artificial selection is guided by human intervention to produce specific desired traits in organisms. Both processes involve the differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their inherited characteristics.
What process does differential selection and reproduction of phenotype occurs?
cellular differentiation
Which type of natural selection occurs when the extreme opposites in a phenotype range are selected?
Disruptive selection occurs when the extreme phenotypes in a population are favored over intermediate phenotypes. This can lead to the divergence of a population into two distinct groups with different traits.
Selection occurs when the environment continually eliminates extremes at both ends of a range of phenotypes?
Selection refers to the process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population over time, based on their impact on survival and reproductive success. In this case, the environment acts as the selective pressure by favoring intermediate phenotypes and reducing the presence of extreme phenotypes. This can result in the gradual evolution of populations towards a more optimal range of phenotypic variations for survival and reproduction.
What are the differences between directional selection and disruptive selection in the process of natural selection?
Directional selection occurs when individuals at one extreme of a trait have a higher fitness, leading to a shift in the population towards that extreme. Disruptive selection occurs when individuals at both extremes of a trait have higher fitness, leading to the population splitting into two distinct groups.
When does disruptive selection occur?
Disruptive selection occurs when there is selection against the heterozygous individual, causing the population of homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive individuals to increase, splitting the population into two groups corresponding to the dominant/recessive alleles.
What type of selection may eliminate intermediate phenotypes?
Disruptive selection can eliminate intermediate phenotypes by favoring extreme phenotypes, leading to a bimodal distribution. This selection occurs when individuals with extreme traits have a higher fitness than those with intermediate traits, resulting in the reduction of the intermediate phenotype in the population.
How do directional and disruptive selection differ in their impact on the evolution of a population?
Directional selection and disruptive selection are two types of natural selection that can drive evolution in a population. Directional selection occurs when individuals with a certain trait are favored over others, leading to a shift in the population towards that trait. This can result in the gradual evolution of the population towards that specific trait. Disruptive selection, on the other hand, occurs when individuals with extreme traits are favored over those with intermediate traits. This can lead to the population splitting into two distinct groups with different traits, potentially resulting in the evolution of two separate species. In summary, directional selection leads to a gradual shift towards a specific trait in a population, while disruptive selection can result in the divergence of a population into two distinct groups with different traits.
What is the difference between selective breeding and natural selection?
In natural selection, the animals take time and evolve slowly. In selective breeding, humans can transfer genes from one organism into another organism.
Is artificial selection or selective breeding a good analogy for the selection that occurs in nature?
Yes, artificial selection or selective breeding can be a good analogy for the selection that occurs in nature through natural selection. Both processes involve the intentional or environmental selection of traits that are beneficial for survival and reproduction, leading to changes in populations over time.
What five conditions control that rate at which evolution occurs?
Generation time, mutation rate, asexual vs sexual reproduction, strength of selective pressures, population size
Why does natural selection occurs too be more quickly?
A lot of natural selection occurs very slowly. It took the evolution of the dog from the wolf to take at least 14,000 years. It took singled celled life 3+billion years to evolve into multicellular life.
What are the different types of natural selection and how do they impact the evolution of species?
There are three main types of natural selection: directional selection, stabilizing selection, and disruptive selection. Directional selection occurs when one extreme trait is favored over others, leading to a shift in the population towards that trait. Stabilizing selection favors the average trait, reducing genetic variation in a population. Disruptive selection favors extreme traits, leading to the divergence of a population into two distinct groups. These types of natural selection impact evolution by influencing which traits are passed on to future generations. Over time, they can lead to the adaptation of species to their environment and the emergence of new species.
How is disruptive selection different from directional selection?
disruptive selection favors the extremes of a range of selection Disruptive selection refers to natural selection that favors phenotypic extremes. Example (off the top of my head, but based loosely on reality): Consider a population of seed-eating birds with beaks that range in size, so that big beaks are best adapted to eating big seeds, small beaks are best adapted to small seeds, and medium beaks are best adapted to medium seeds. Now suppose that the source of medium seeds goes extinct (perhaps because of a fungal pathogen). The bird phenotype with medium beaks looses its food source; selection favors the big and small beaks.
