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Evaporation is the action of molecules escaping the bonds of neighboring molecules. At temperatures above absolute zero, molecules have energy that is expressed in motion. With enough of this motion, water molecules at the surface of water can break the bonds they have with their neighbors. They can escape the liquid and move into the air. When molecules leave the water, there is now less water, which is what we call evaporation.

So if you have a dish that exposes more molecules to an area where they can escape the other molecules (in other words, the surface), obviously more will escape. A wide, flat, shallow container exposes many more water molecules to the surface than the same amount of water in a tall, narrow container.

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