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Sub-surface organisms make oxygen, and Earth captures oxygen from the solar wind. UV-C from the Sun breaks apart oxygen molecules, and forms some ozone from them. As the ozone thickens, less and less UV-B reaches the Earth's surface. Mutation and cancer rates decrease, allowing for longer mean lifespans and slowing rates of species generation. Polymeric systems (such as the natural epoxy that holds cellulose fibers) are capable of direct exposure to the environment, with less need for surface replacement (bark will now work). Plants are now capable of developing on the Earth's surface, and animal life can run about on the surface without lots of sacrificial stuff "on top".

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