Though a hydrogen atom typically has one proton, its mass is not solely determined by the proton. The mass of a hydrogen atom comes from the combination of the proton and an electron. The electron contributes a much smaller amount to the overall mass compared to the proton.
proton
First of all, the charge on most atoms is zero. A charged atom is called an ion, and is due to the atom gaining or losing electrons. I assume that you are referring to the charge and mass on the nucleus. Every proton contributes charge and mass. Every neutron contributes only mass. Thus, there is a positive correlation between the two, but due to the fact that different atoms have diffirent isotopes, it is impossible to say, based on mass, what the charge is, or visa versa. For example, most hydrogen nuclei are just single protons. Deuterium has a proton and neutron for a nucleus, and tritium has a proton and 2 neutrons. All of these nuclei have diffirent masses, but same charge.
The exact contribution varies from atom to atom, since different atoms have different numbers of neutrons. However, in a simple system of one proton, one electron, and one neutron (called a deuterium atom), the neutron contributes roughly as much as the proton does, since its mass is almost (but not quite; the neutron is heavier) equal to that of the proton. To be precise, as listed at http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/gen01/gen01078.htm, Mass of proton : 1,6726 x 10^(-27) kg Mass of neutron: 1,6749 x 10^(-27) kg Mass of electron: 0,00091x10^(-27) kg
Proton and neutron have similar mass, but not identical.
Though a hydrogen atom typically has one proton, its mass is not solely determined by the proton. The mass of a hydrogen atom comes from the combination of the proton and an electron. The electron contributes a much smaller amount to the overall mass compared to the proton.
The sub atomic particles to an atom are the proton (p), neutron (n). The p and n both contribute to atomic mass. The positive charge comes from the p and outside the atom in orbit is/are the electron with negligible mass, but negative charge.
No, the electron cloud is not heavy. An electron weighs approximately 2000 times less than a proton or a neutron, so almost all the weight of an atom lies in the nucleus, not in the electron cloud.
Proton + Nuetron = Atomic Mass
1.007316 (amu)
proton
First of all, the charge on most atoms is zero. A charged atom is called an ion, and is due to the atom gaining or losing electrons. I assume that you are referring to the charge and mass on the nucleus. Every proton contributes charge and mass. Every neutron contributes only mass. Thus, there is a positive correlation between the two, but due to the fact that different atoms have diffirent isotopes, it is impossible to say, based on mass, what the charge is, or visa versa. For example, most hydrogen nuclei are just single protons. Deuterium has a proton and neutron for a nucleus, and tritium has a proton and 2 neutrons. All of these nuclei have diffirent masses, but same charge.
Electrons have mass that is approximately 1863 times smaller than that of proton, so usually when calculating the mass of atoms, the mass of the electrons is simply not massive enough to make a significant difference to the overall mass of the atom.
in the nucleus of an atom -proton and neutrons , electrons in the orbit has the negligible mass.
Yes, significantly so. One proton is approximately one atomic mass unit.
The exact contribution varies from atom to atom, since different atoms have different numbers of neutrons. However, in a simple system of one proton, one electron, and one neutron (called a deuterium atom), the neutron contributes roughly as much as the proton does, since its mass is almost (but not quite; the neutron is heavier) equal to that of the proton. To be precise, as listed at http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/gen01/gen01078.htm, Mass of proton : 1,6726 x 10^(-27) kg Mass of neutron: 1,6749 x 10^(-27) kg Mass of electron: 0,00091x10^(-27) kg
The mass of an electron is approximately 9.11 x 10^-31 kilograms, which is significantly lighter than the mass of a proton or neutron. This implies that electrons contribute minimally to the overall mass of an atom.