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How are restriction enzymes used to look for differences between DNA samples?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
Restriction enzymes cleave, or open, the DNA so that a sample can be taken and gel electrophoresis can separate the strands of DNA. From there, DNA probes bind to certain strands in each sample and DNA fingerprints can show the differences.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Why are DNA samples and restriction enzymes incubated for 5 minutes?
uranes then myanes
How do you use electrophoresis to determine paternity of a baby?
Children receive half of their genetic material from each parent. There are specific sites on DNA, known as restriction sites, that are recognized by restriction enzymes. These are used to determine paternity. Samples of DNA from the mother, father and child are taken. They are all digested ('cut') by the same restriction enzymes. These DNA fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis (which separates fragments based on size). The bands of the child are compared to the mother and father's. If the band is not the same as the mother's, it must have come from the father. If these do not match up, then the sample was not taken from the biological father.
What is the difference between control samples and test experimental samples?
It calculates the difference between each set of pairs, and analyzes that list of differences. The P value answersthis question: If the median difference in the ... If your samples are small and there are no tied ranks, Prism calculates an ... The whole point of using a paired test is to control for experimental.
What does the formation of recombinant DNA result from?
Recombinant DNATo to make recombinant DNA or plasmids, the two different samples of DNA need to be cut up by the same restriction enzyme. Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences (restriction sites) and is usually a staggered cut. For example, say you had the following sequence of DNA (both strands): 5' GAATTC 3'3' CTTAAG 5'Say the restriction enzyme used will cut a strand between a guanine and adenine on one strand and an adenine and guanine one the other strand. For the given DNA, there would be cuts where the bars are:5' G|AATTC 3'3' CTTAA|G 5'Then the strands would separate:5' G--------AATTC 3'3' CTTAA--------G 5'Because the cuts are staggered, hydrogen bonds are left open. The ends of the restriction fragments are called "sticky ends" because of their ability to bond to other fragments. Remember that both sets of DNA are cut with the same restriction enzyme. Therefore, the sticky ends of the restriction fragments are complementary to each other. Then you're able to take one fragment of one DNA sample and insert it into the other DNA sample, which are bound together by hydrogen bonds. DNA ligase is then added to seal the ends together.
Definition of independent sample.?
two samples are independent if they are drawn from two different populations, and/ or the samples have no effect on each other. eg: We want to estimate the difference between the mean salaries of all male and all female executives. We draw one sample from the population of male executives and another from the population of female executives. These two samples are independent because they come from different populations and the samples have no effect on each other
Why are DNA samples and restriction enzymes incubated for 5 minutes?
uranes then myanes
To decide whether observed differences between samples reflect actual differences between?
statistical significance
DNA strands can be clipped crosswise at selected positions by using enzymes called?
DNA can be cut into smaller fragments by enzymes (which are proteins) known as restriction endonucleases (REN's). These enzymes are sequence specific - meaning they produce a cut only at a particular site on the DNA strand. This site where the cut is produced is called the restriction site. Restriction sites are 4 - 6 nucleotides in length. Every restriction enzyme has a different restriction site. This property allows researchers to treat two different DNA samples with the same set of restriction enzymes and then analyze the resulting fragments.A. DNA finger printing
How do you use electrophoresis to determine paternity of a baby?
Children receive half of their genetic material from each parent. There are specific sites on DNA, known as restriction sites, that are recognized by restriction enzymes. These are used to determine paternity. Samples of DNA from the mother, father and child are taken. They are all digested ('cut') by the same restriction enzymes. These DNA fragments are then separated by gel electrophoresis (which separates fragments based on size). The bands of the child are compared to the mother and father's. If the band is not the same as the mother's, it must have come from the father. If these do not match up, then the sample was not taken from the biological father.
What is the difference between control samples and test experimental samples?
It calculates the difference between each set of pairs, and analyzes that list of differences. The P value answersthis question: If the median difference in the ... If your samples are small and there are no tied ranks, Prism calculates an ... The whole point of using a paired test is to control for experimental.
Why is DNA fingerprinting more accurate if the samples are cut with more than one restriction enzyme?
When EcoR1 cuts this DNA, it cuts it at three places into four different segments. EcoR1 is only one of many different restriction enzymes. Each different enzyme cuts DNA at a different site. By using different enzymes, a scientist can cut DNA into many smaller pieces that can be run out on a gel during electrophoresis. Remember that in gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments separate by size. Because these segments have different sizes, they will separate onto a gel at different rates. If different people's DNA is cut by restriction enzymes and then run out on a gel, each person's DNA will leave a different pattern.
What conditions are necessary in order to use a test to test the differences between two population means?
The samples must be randomly selected, independent, and normally distributed. The following are necessary to use a t-test for small independent samples. 1. The samples must be randomly selected. 2. The samples must be independent. 3. Each population must have a normal distribution.
How long are Blood samples good for testing?
Blood samples can be held in storage for 17 to 180 days. The length of their storage time depends on which enzymes have been added to the sample.
What conditions are necessary in order to use a t-test to test the differences between two population means?
The samples must be randomly selected, independent, and normally distributed. The following are necessary to use a t-test for small independent samples. 1. The samples must be randomly selected. 2. The samples must be independent. 3. Each population must have a normal distribution.
What is maxam Gilbert method of DNA packaging?
Used in DNA sequencing; four samples of end-labeled DNA restriction fragments are chemically cleaved at different specific nucleotides. The resulting subfragments are separated by gel electrophoresis, and the labeled fragments are detected by autoradiography. The sequence of the original end-labeled restriction fragment can be determined directly from parallel electropherograms of the four samples
Why do polls have different outcomes?
Because they are based on samples and outcomes vary between different samples.
Why do you think the DNA is storeed both cold and with the InstaGence matrix affter boiling the samples?
any heat can activate the DNA- degrading enzymes
