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An autoclave controls microorganisms by using high-pressure steam to achieve temperatures typically around 121°C (250°F) for a specified duration, usually 15-30 minutes. This combination of heat and pressure effectively destroys bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores by denaturing proteins and disrupting cellular structures. The moist heat penetrates materials more effectively than dry heat, ensuring thorough sterilization of instruments and materials. Autoclaving is a reliable method for achieving sterility in laboratory and medical settings.

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1mo ago

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