how could a zygote end up with an extra chromosome
Either the egg or the sperm doesn't divide equally.
the egg or the sperm doesn't divide equally!
The usual number of chromosomes in a baby's cell ( zygote ) is 46 . 23 chromosomes from both the male's reproductive cell ( sperm ) and the female's reproductive cell ( egg ) .
telomere
Down syndrome is usually caused by a condition known as Trisomy 21, which means that a person has three copies of Chromosome 21, rather than the usual two copies. An extra chromosome is added. The normal amount is 46, but people with Down syndrome have 47.Occasionally, the condition is a result of part of Chromosome 21 becoming fused to the end of another chromosome.More info on Chromosome 21While Chromosome 21 isn't the shortest chromosome, it is the one that contains the fewest genes (other than the Y chromosome). This is because genes on Chromosome 22 are more closely spaced, and thus the chromosome contains more genes, despite its smaller size.
the y chromosome doesn't carry any genetic information
Contrary to comic book mythology, if you mess with the number of chromosomes, the result is either a nonviable zygote, severe genetic abnormalities, or later in life, cancer. Humans can survive with extra or missing sex chromosomes, but usually an odd number of autosomes results in spontaneous abortion of the embryo. In short, you will not be able to read minds with a few extra chromosomes.
how could a zygote end up with an extra chromosome Either the egg or the sperm doesn't divide equally.
A normal karyotype will show all 23 chromosomes at normal growth, and the end will show an either XY (boy) or XX (girl). Karyotypes of people with autosomal diseases and other diseases associated with chromosomes will show abnormalities on that certain chromosome. For example, Down syndrome is caused by a whole extra chromosome on chromosome 21. This extra chromosome can be seen on the karyotype.
The normal cellular genetic complement number 2N is reduced to 1N in both of the sexual gametes so that when they recombine we end up with the standard chromosome number [1N + 1N = 2N] in our zygote.
The usual number of chromosomes in a baby's cell ( zygote ) is 46 . 23 chromosomes from both the male's reproductive cell ( sperm ) and the female's reproductive cell ( egg ) .
The size of a period at the end of a sentence is typically around 1/8 of an inch in height.
telomere
There could be 4 daughter cells with half the chromosomes as the original. Another outcome is crossing over in which one allele from one chromosome changes positions with an allele from another chromosome.
I thought they were acrocentric (centromere positioned so close to the end of the chromosome that the short arm of the chromosome is not visible) rather than telocentric (centromere located completely at the terminal end of the chromosome).
Down syndrome is usually caused by a condition known as Trisomy 21, which means that a person has three copies of Chromosome 21, rather than the usual two copies. An extra chromosome is added. The normal amount is 46, but people with Down syndrome have 47.Occasionally, the condition is a result of part of Chromosome 21 becoming fused to the end of another chromosome.More info on Chromosome 21While Chromosome 21 isn't the shortest chromosome, it is the one that contains the fewest genes (other than the Y chromosome). This is because genes on Chromosome 22 are more closely spaced, and thus the chromosome contains more genes, despite its smaller size.
Trisomy 18 is a form of chromosomal aberration. It is neither recessive nor dominant. Neither does it show co-dominance or incomplete dominance factor. It arises due to the presence of an extra chromosome 18 in the somatic cells.
You are born with it>>>>>>>>>>>During meiosis, chromosomes are separated equally. When they are notseparated equally - this is known as non-disjunction - the gametes end up with either an extra chromatid or no chromatid. In Down syndrome the offspring carries an extra chromatid in Chromosome 21, aka Trisomy 21
the zygote travels down the fallopian tube and attaches itself to the thick end lining of the uterus.