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If progeny plants inherited a single whole gene set from each parent, then the aw of independent assortment would not work. this is because two different characteristics would be linked to each other and cannot be independently inherited.

This is explained by the fact that each gene set is present not as a single long thread of DNA, but as separate independent pieces, each called a chromosome. Thus, each cell will have two copies of chromosome, one each from male and female parents. Each germ cell will take one chromosome from each pair and these may be either of maternal or paternal origin. When two germ cells combine, they will restore the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the DNA of the species.

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