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DNA polymerase knows when to stop adding nucleotides primarily due to the presence of a specific DNA sequence known as a termination signal. In prokaryotes, this can be a specific sequence in the DNA that causes the polymerase to dissociate. In eukaryotes, termination often involves interactions with proteins and specific signals that indicate the end of a gene. Additionally, the DNA template's structural features can also play a role in signaling the completion of replication.
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What cause RNA polymerase to stop transcribing mRNA?
RNA polymerase stops transcribing mRNA when it encounters a termination signal in the DNA sequence, typically a specific sequence of nucleotides that signals the end of a gene. This signal can be formed by specific sequences that lead to the formation of a hairpin loop in the RNA, causing RNA polymerase to dissociate from the DNA template. Additionally, termination factors may assist in this process, ensuring that transcription is completed accurately.
How does transcription end?
Transcription ends when RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence on the DNA template strand. This signals the enzyme to stop synthesizing the RNA transcript and release it. The RNA transcript is then further processed and can be translated into a protein.
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA specifies the sequence of what in a protein?
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA specifies the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Each set of three nucleotides, called a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid or a signal to start or stop protein synthesis.
Does transcription begin at a promoter region and continue until RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon?
Transcription begins at a promoter region on the DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate the process. It continues along the DNA template strand until it reaches a termination signal, not a stop codon, which signals the end of transcription.
What is the minimum number of nucleotides in an mRNA molecule which encodes a protein consisting of 80 amino acids?
The minimum number of nucleotides in an mRNA molecule encoding a protein of 80 amino acids is 243 nucleotides. This is because each amino acid is encoded by a codon, which consists of three nucleotides. Therefore, for 80 amino acids, you would need 80 codons, resulting in 80 x 3 = 240 nucleotides, plus at least one additional nucleotide for a stop codon, totaling 243 nucleotides.
What cause RNA polymerase to stop transcribing mRNA?
RNA polymerase stops transcribing mRNA when it encounters a termination signal in the DNA sequence, typically a specific sequence of nucleotides that signals the end of a gene. This signal can be formed by specific sequences that lead to the formation of a hairpin loop in the RNA, causing RNA polymerase to dissociate from the DNA template. Additionally, termination factors may assist in this process, ensuring that transcription is completed accurately.
What are the 6 steps of transcription?
1) RNA polymerase finds the promote or "start signal" along the DNA sequence. 2) RNA polymerase unwinds and upzips DNA 3) Then the enzyme adds complimentary RNA nucleotides to one DNA strand 4) This continues until a "top signal" is reached at the end of the gene on DNA 5) mRNA is released and leaves the nucleus 6) DNA zips together and twists
How does RNA polymerase know where to start transcribing a gene into mRNA?
The enzyme that synthesizes RNA (RNA polymerase) binds specific DNA sequencesthat typically lie before the gene being transcribed. When everything it needs to start synthesis is properly assembled (any cofactors, etc.), only then can it begin transcribing DNA into RNA.
What are the specific sequences of nucleotides that serve as the stop and start codons in the genetic code?
The specific sequences of nucleotides that serve as the stop codons in the genetic code are UAA, UAG, and UGA. The start codon is AUG.
Which process stop when rna polymerase comes to a terminator?
Transcription is the process that stops when RNA polymerase is terminated.
How does transcription end?
Transcription ends when RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence on the DNA template strand. This signals the enzyme to stop synthesizing the RNA transcript and release it. The RNA transcript is then further processed and can be translated into a protein.
The correct sequence of the events of transcription is?
RNA polymerase reaches the beginning of a gene.
A polypeptide found in the cytoplasm of a cell contains 12 amino acids How many nucleotides would be required in the mRNA for this polypeptide to be translated?
Since each amino acid is coded for by a specific triplet of nucleotides (codon), and there is a start codon and a stop codon, we need 15 nucleotides in the mRNA (3 nucleotides for each amino acid + 3 for start codon + 3 for stop codon).
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA specifies the sequence of what in a protein?
The sequence of nucleotides in DNA specifies the sequence of amino acids in a protein. Each set of three nucleotides, called a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid or a signal to start or stop protein synthesis.
Does transcription begin at a promoter region and continue until RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon?
Transcription begins at a promoter region on the DNA where RNA polymerase binds to initiate the process. It continues along the DNA template strand until it reaches a termination signal, not a stop codon, which signals the end of transcription.
What is a group of three nucleotides called?
This arrangement is called a codon.In DNA and RNA a group of three nucleotides in a row is called a codon. In tRNA a group of three nucleotides is called an anticodon.
What is the minimum number of nucleotides in an mRNA molecule which encodes a protein consisting of 80 amino acids?
The minimum number of nucleotides in an mRNA molecule encoding a protein of 80 amino acids is 243 nucleotides. This is because each amino acid is encoded by a codon, which consists of three nucleotides. Therefore, for 80 amino acids, you would need 80 codons, resulting in 80 x 3 = 240 nucleotides, plus at least one additional nucleotide for a stop codon, totaling 243 nucleotides.
